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Showing 25 to 36 of 1627 entries
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Psychostimulants and movement disorders.

Frontiers in neurology

Asser A, Taba P.
PMID: 25941511
Front Neurol. 2015 Apr 20;6:75. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2015.00075. eCollection 2015.

Psychostimulants are a diverse group of substances with their main psychomotor effects resembling those of amphetamine, methamphetamine, cocaine, or cathinone. Due to their potential as drugs of abuse, recreational use of most of these substances is illegal since 1971...

The use of performance-enhancing substances (doping) by athletes in Saudi Arabia.

Journal of family & community medicine

Al Ghobain M.
PMID: 28932159
J Family Community Med. 2017 Sep-Dec;24(3):151-155. doi: 10.4103/jfcm.JFCM_122_16.

BACKGROUND: Data on doping violation in Saudi Arabia are scarce. Our aim was to investigate the Saudi experience of anti-doping and review all positive samples and adverse analytical findings (AAFs) of Saudi athletes.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study analyzed databases...

A Review of Pharmacological Management of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.

The journal of pediatric pharmacology and therapeutics : JPPT : the official journal of PPAG

Briars L, Todd T.
PMID: 27453697
J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther. 2016 May-Jun;21(3):192-206. doi: 10.5863/1551-6776-21.3.192.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common psychological diagnosis in children. This disorder impacts children and adolescents in all areas of life, including academic performance, extracurricular activities, and social interactions. ADHD can continue into adulthood where unemployment and substance abuse...

Striatal Cholinergic Interneurons Modulate Spike-Timing in Striosomes and Matrix by an Amphetamine-Sensitive Mechanism.

Frontiers in neuroanatomy

Crittenden JR, Lacey CJ, Weng FJ, Garrison CE, Gibson DJ, Lin Y, Graybiel AM.
PMID: 28377698
Front Neuroanat. 2017 Mar 21;11:20. doi: 10.3389/fnana.2017.00020. eCollection 2017.

The striatum is key for action-selection and the motivation to move. Dopamine and acetylcholine release sites are enriched in the striatum and are cross-regulated, possibly to achieve optimal behavior. Drugs of abuse, which promote abnormally high dopamine release, disrupt...

Medico-legal and legal-penal aspects of expert opinions and adjudication in cases of intoxications with intoxicating agents and ethanol-like intoxicants.

Archiwum medycyny sadowej i kryminologii

Ćwiklińska M, Teresiński G, Buszewicz G.
PMID: 26284966
Arch Med Sadowej Kryminol. 2015;65(2):77-89. doi: 10.5114/amsik.2015.53224.

INTRODUCTION: The available legal regulations in Poland do not define the concentration thresholds enabling to differentiate between the states of "after-use" versus "under the influence" of a drug, as it is in the case of alcohol. The aim of...

Substance use and duration of untreated psychosis in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.

The South African journal of psychiatry : SAJP : the journal of the Society of Psychiatrists of South Africa

Davis GP, Tomita A, Baumgartner JN, Mtshemla S, Nene S, King H, Susser E, Burns JK.
PMID: 27307782
S Afr J Psychiatr. 2016;22(1). doi: 10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v22i1.852. Epub 2016 May 20.

BACKGROUND: Substance use and psychiatric disorders cause significant burden of disease in low- and middle-income countries. Co-morbid psychopathology and longer duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) can negatively affect treatment outcomes.OBJECTIVES: The study assessed substance use amongst adults with severe...

Probe Heating Method for the Analysis of Solid Samples Using a Portable Mass Spectrometer.

Mass spectrometry (Tokyo, Japan)

Kumano S, Sugiyama M, Yamada M, Nishimura K, Hasegawa H, Morokuma H, Inoue H, Hashimoto Y.
PMID: 26819909
Mass Spectrom (Tokyo). 2015;4(1):A0038. doi: 10.5702/massspectrometry.A0038. Epub 2015 Apr 25.

We previously reported on the development of a portable mass spectrometer for the onsite screening of illicit drugs, but our previous sampling system could only be used for liquid samples. In this study, we report on an attempt to...

Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Opioids, Benzodiazepines, Cannabinoids, Amphetamines, and Cocaine in Biological and Other Specimens.

Forensic science review

McCurdy HH, Morrison AM, Holt LA.
PMID: 26247342
Forensic Sci Rev. 2008 Jan;20(1):45-73.

The use of liquid chromatography (LC) coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) or single-stage mass spectrometry (MS) is making significant inroads in the analyst's compendium of instrumentation available for the analysis of drugs in biological fluids, tissues, and other...

Neonatal withdrawal syndrome and behavioral effects produced by maternal drug use.

Addiction biology

Weintraub Z, Bental Y, Olivan A, Rotschild A.
PMID: 26734821
Addict Biol. 1998 Apr;3(2):159-70. doi: 10.1080/13556219872227.

Over the last two decades, drug and alcohol abuse by pregnant women has spread to epidemic proportions. Maternal drug abuse has neurobehavioral and somatic effects which may be long-lasting and devastating to the offspring. Opiates, such as heroin and...

PDE10A inhibitors stimulate or suppress motor behavior dependent on the relative activation state of the direct and indirect striatal output pathways.

Pharmacology research & perspectives

Megens AA, Hendrickx HM, Mahieu MM, Wellens AL, de Boer P, Vanhoof G.
PMID: 25505601
Pharmacol Res Perspect. 2014 Aug;2(4):e00057. doi: 10.1002/prp2.57. Epub 2014 Jun 12.

The enzyme phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10A) regulates the activity of striatal, medium spiny neurons (MSNs), which are divided into a behaviorally stimulating, Gs-coupled D1 receptor-expressing "direct" pathway and a behaviorally suppressant, Gi-coupled D2 receptor-expressing "indirect" pathway. Activating both pathways, PDE10A...

Argon prevents the development of locomotor sensitization to amphetamine and amphetamine-induced changes in mu opioid receptor in the nucleus accumbens.

Medical gas research

David HN, Dhilly M, Poisnel G, Degoulet M, Meckler C, Vallée N, Blatteau JÉ, Risso JJ, Lemaire M, Debruyne D, Abraini JH.
PMID: 25606340
Med Gas Res. 2014 Dec 29;4(1):21. doi: 10.1186/s13618-014-0021-z. eCollection 2014.

Systemic administration of γ-amino-butyric acid type A (GABA-A) and benzodiazepine receptor agonists has been reported to block the development of locomotor sensitization to amphetamine. Here, we investigated whether the non-anesthetic noble gas argon, shown to possess agonistic properties at...

Severe Psychosis, Drug Dependence, and Hepatitis C Related to Slamming Mephedrone.

Case reports in psychiatry

Dolengevich-Segal H, Rodríguez-Salgado B, Gómez-Arnau J, Sánchez-Mateos D.
PMID: 27247820
Case Rep Psychiatry. 2016;2016:8379562. doi: 10.1155/2016/8379562. Epub 2016 May 10.

Background. Synthetic cathinones (SCs), also known as "bath salts," are β-ketone amphetamine compounds derived from cathinone, a psychoactive substance found in Catha edulis. Mephedrone is the most representative SC. Slamming is the term used for the intravenous injection of...

Showing 25 to 36 of 1627 entries