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Ellis-Davies GC, Kaplan JH. Nitrophenyl-EGTA, a photolabile chelator that selectively binds Ca2+ with high affinity and releases it rapidly upon photolysis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994;91(1):187-91doi: 10.1073/pnas.91.1.187.
Ellis-Davies, G. C., & Kaplan, J. H. (1994). Nitrophenyl-EGTA, a photolabile chelator that selectively binds Ca2+ with high affinity and releases it rapidly upon photolysis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 91(1), 187-91. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.91.1.187
Ellis-Davies, G C, and Kaplan, J H. "Nitrophenyl-EGTA, a photolabile chelator that selectively binds Ca2+ with high affinity and releases it rapidly upon photolysis." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America vol. 91,1 (1994): 187-91. doi: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.91.1.187
Ellis-Davies GC, Kaplan JH. Nitrophenyl-EGTA, a photolabile chelator that selectively binds Ca2+ with high affinity and releases it rapidly upon photolysis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Jan 04;91(1):187-91. doi: 10.1073/pnas.91.1.187. PMID: 8278362; PMCID: PMC42911.
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Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Jan 04;91(1):187-91. doi: 10.1073/pnas.91.1.187.

Nitrophenyl-EGTA, a photolabile chelator that selectively binds Ca2+ with high affinity and releases it rapidly upon photolysis.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

G C Ellis-Davies, J H Kaplan

Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104-6085.

PMID: 8278362 PMCID: PMC42911 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.91.1.187
Free PMC Article

Abstract

The synthesis and properties of a caged calcium are described. The compound is an ortho-nitrophenyl derivative of EGTA. It is synthesized in 10 steps and with 24% overall yield. The photosensitive chelator, nitrophenyl-EGTA, has a Kd value for Ca2+ of 80 nM and for Mg2+ of 9 mM. Upon exposure to UV radiation (approximately 350 nm), the chelator is cleaved, yielding iminodiacetic acid photoproducts with low Ca affinity (Kd = 1 mM). The quantum yield of photolysis of nitrophenyl-EGTA in the presence of Ca2+ is 0.23 and in the absence of Ca2+ is 0.20. In experiments with chemically skinned skeletal muscle fibers, a fully relaxed fiber equilibrated with nitrophenyl-EGTA-Ca2+ complex, in the presence of 1 mM free Mg2+, maximally contracted after a single flash from a frequency-doubled ruby laser (347 nm). Half-maximal tension was achieved in 18 ms at 15 degrees C. Nitrophenyl-EGTA provides a tool for the investigation of the mechanism of Ca(2+)-dependent physiological processes, since under conditions of normal intracellular Ca2+ and Mg2+ concentrations, only Ca2+ is bound by the photolabile chelator and on illumination released rapidly and in high photochemical yield.

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