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Fass R, Boeckxstaens GE, El-Serag H, et al. Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2021;7(1):55doi: 10.1038/s41572-021-00287-w.
Fass, R., Boeckxstaens, G. E., El-Serag, H., Rosen, R., Sifrim, D., & Vaezi, M. F. (2021). Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Nature reviews. Disease primers, 7(1), 55. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41572-021-00287-w
Fass, Ronnie, et al. "Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease." Nature reviews. Disease primers vol. 7,1 (2021): 55. doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41572-021-00287-w
Fass R, Boeckxstaens GE, El-Serag H, Rosen R, Sifrim D, Vaezi MF. Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2021 Jul 29;7(1):55. doi: 10.1038/s41572-021-00287-w. PMID: 34326345.
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Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2021 Jul 29;7(1):55. doi: 10.1038/s41572-021-00287-w.

Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease.

Nature reviews. Disease primers

Ronnie Fass, Guy E Boeckxstaens, Hashem El-Serag, Rachel Rosen, Daniel Sifrim, Michael F Vaezi

Affiliations

  1. The Esophageal and Swallowing Center, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, MetroHealth Medical System, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA. [email protected].
  2. Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
  3. Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
  4. Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
  5. Wingate Institute of Neurogastroenterology, Royal London Hospital, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
  6. Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.

PMID: 34326345 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-021-00287-w

Abstract

Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common disorder in adults and children. The global prevalence of GERD is high and increasing. Non-erosive reflux disease is the most common phenotype of GERD. Heartburn and regurgitation are considered classic symptoms but GERD may present with various atypical and extra-oesophageal manifestations. The pathophysiology of GERD is multifactorial and different mechanisms may result in GERD symptoms, including gastric composition and motility, anti-reflux barrier, refluxate characteristics, clearance mechanisms, mucosal integrity and symptom perception. In clinical practice, the diagnosis of GERD is commonly established on the basis of response to anti-reflux treatment; however, a more accurate diagnosis requires testing that includes upper gastrointestinal tract endoscopy and reflux monitoring. New techniques and new reflux testing parameters help to better phenotype the condition. In children, the diagnosis of GERD is primarily based on history and physical examination and treatment vary with age. Treatment in adults includes a combination of lifestyle modifications with pharmacological, endoscopic or surgical intervention. In refractory GERD, optimization of proton-pump inhibitor treatment should be attempted before a series of diagnostic tests to assess the patient's phenotype.

© 2021. Springer Nature Limited.

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