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Am J Hum Genet. 2019 Dec 05;105(6):1102-1111. doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2019.10.003. Epub 2019 Oct 31.

Genome Sequencing Explores Complexity of Chromosomal Abnormalities in Recurrent Miscarriage.

American journal of human genetics

Zirui Dong, Junhao Yan, Fengping Xu, Jianying Yuan, Hui Jiang, Huilin Wang, Haixiao Chen, Lei Zhang, Lingfei Ye, Jinjin Xu, Yuhua Shi, Zhenjun Yang, Ye Cao, Lingyun Chen, Qiaoling Li, Xia Zhao, Jiguang Li, Ao Chen, Wenwei Zhang, Hoi Gin Wong, Yingying Qin, Han Zhao, Yuan Chen, Pei Li, Tao Ma, Wen-Jing Wang, Yvonne K Kwok, Yuan Jiang, Amber N Pursley, Jacqueline P W Chung, Yan Hong, Karsten Kristiansen, Huanming Yang, Raul E Piña-Aguilar, Tak Yeung Leung, Sau Wai Cheung, Cynthia C Morton, Kwong Wai Choy, Zi-Jiang Chen

Affiliations

  1. Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China; BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China.
  2. Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China; The Key laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology (Shandong University), Ministry of Education, Jinan 250021, China; National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Jinan 250021, China.
  3. BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; China National Genebank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China; Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
  4. BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; China National Genebank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China.
  5. Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China; Department of Central Laboratory, Bao'an Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, 518133, China.
  6. BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; China National Genebank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China.
  7. Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China.
  8. BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China.
  9. BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; Complete Genomics, Mountain View, CA 95134, USA.
  10. Department of Molecular and Cellar Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
  11. Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
  12. Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200135, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai 200135, China.
  13. BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
  14. BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; China National Genebank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China; James D. Watson Institute of Genome Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China.
  15. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
  16. Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China; The Chinese University of Hong Kong-Baylor College of Medicine Joint Center For Medical Genetics, Hong Kong, China; Hong Kong Branches of Chinese National Engineering Research Centers - Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Hong Kong, China.
  17. Department of Molecular and Cellar Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; The Chinese University of Hong Kong-Baylor College of Medicine Joint Center For Medical Genetics, Hong Kong, China.
  18. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Manchester Centre for Audiology and Deafness, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.
  19. Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China; The Chinese University of Hong Kong-Baylor College of Medicine Joint Center For Medical Genetics, Hong Kong, China; Hong Kong Branches of Chinese National Engineering Research Centers - Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Hong Kong, China. Electronic address: [email protected].
  20. Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China; The Key laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology (Shandong University), Ministry of Education, Jinan 250021, China; National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Jinan 250021, China; Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200135, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai 200135, China; Hong Kong Branches of Chinese National Engineering Research Centers - Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Hong Kong, China. Electronic address: [email protected].

PMID: 31679651 PMCID: PMC6904795 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2019.10.003

Abstract

Recurrent miscarriage (RM) affects millions of couples globally, and half of them have no demonstrated etiology. Genome sequencing (GS) is an enhanced and novel cytogenetic tool to define the contribution of chromosomal abnormalities in human diseases. In this study we evaluated its utility in RM-affected couples. We performed low-pass GS retrospectively for 1,090 RM-affected couples, all of whom had routine chromosome analysis. A customized sequencing and interpretation pipeline was developed to identify chromosomal rearrangements and deletions/duplications with confirmation by fluorescence in situ hybridization, chromosomal microarray analysis, and PCR studies. Low-pass GS yielded results in 1,077 of 1,090 couples (98.8%) and detected 127 chromosomal abnormalities in 11.7% (126/1,077) of couples; both members of one couple were identified with inversions. Of the 126 couples, 39.7% (50/126) had received former diagnostic results by karyotyping characteristic of normal human male or female karyotypes. Low-pass GS revealed additional chromosomal abnormalities in 50 (4.0%) couples, including eight with balanced translocations and 42 inversions. Follow-up studies of these couples showed a higher miscarriage/fetal-anomaly rate of 5/10 (50%) compared to 21/93 (22.6%) in couples with normal GS, resulting in a relative risk of 2.2 (95% confidence interval, 1.1 to 4.6). In these couples, this protocol significantly increased the diagnostic yield of chromosomal abnormalities per couple (11.7%) in comparison to chromosome analysis (8.0%, chi-square test p = 0.000751). In summary, low-pass GS identified underlying chromosomal aberrations in 1 in 9 RM-affected couples, enabling identification of a subgroup of couples with increased risk of subsequent miscarriage who would benefit from a personalized intervention.

Copyright © 2019 American Society of Human Genetics. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Keywords: balanced translocation; chromosomal abnormality; chromothripsis and chomoplexy; copy number variants; cryptic structural rearrangements; genetics complexity; inversion; low-pass genome sequencing; preimplantation genetic testing; recurrent miscarriage

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