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Zimmermann P, Curtis N. Factors That Influence the Immune Response to Vaccination. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2019;32(2)doi: 10.1128/CMR.00084-18.
Zimmermann, P., & Curtis, N. (2019). Factors That Influence the Immune Response to Vaccination. Clinical microbiology reviews, 32(2), . https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00084-18
Zimmermann, Petra, and Curtis, Nigel. "Factors That Influence the Immune Response to Vaccination." Clinical microbiology reviews vol. 32,2 (2019). doi: https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00084-18
Zimmermann P, Curtis N. Factors That Influence the Immune Response to Vaccination. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2019 Mar 13;32(2). doi: 10.1128/CMR.00084-18. Print 2019 Mar 20. PMID: 30867162; PMCID: PMC6431125.
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Clin Microbiol Rev. 2019 Mar 13;32(2). doi: 10.1128/CMR.00084-18. Print 2019 Mar 20.

Factors That Influence the Immune Response to Vaccination.

Clinical microbiology reviews

Petra Zimmermann, Nigel Curtis

Affiliations

  1. Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia [email protected].
  2. Infectious Diseases & Microbiology Research Group, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia.
  3. Infectious Diseases Unit, The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
  4. Department of Pediatrics, Fribourg Hospital HFR, Fribourg, Switzerland.
  5. Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.
  6. Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.

PMID: 30867162 PMCID: PMC6431125 DOI: 10.1128/CMR.00084-18

Abstract

There is substantial variation between individuals in the immune response to vaccination. In this review, we provide an overview of the plethora of studies that have investigated factors that influence humoral and cellular vaccine responses in humans. These include intrinsic host factors (such as age, sex, genetics, and comorbidities), perinatal factors (such as gestational age, birth weight, feeding method, and maternal factors), and extrinsic factors (such as preexisting immunity, microbiota, infections, and antibiotics). Further, environmental factors (such as geographic location, season, family size, and toxins), behavioral factors (such as smoking, alcohol consumption, exercise, and sleep), and nutritional factors (such as body mass index, micronutrients, and enteropathy) also influence how individuals respond to vaccines. Moreover, vaccine factors (such as vaccine type, product, adjuvant, and dose) and administration factors (schedule, site, route, time of vaccination, and coadministered vaccines and other drugs) are also important. An understanding of all these factors and their impacts in the design of vaccine studies and decisions on vaccination schedules offers ways to improve vaccine immunogenicity and efficacy.

Copyright © 2019 American Society for Microbiology.

Keywords: antibodies; cellular; cytokines; humoral; immunization; immunoglobulin

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