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Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2020;60(8):1321-1345. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2019.1570913. Epub 2019 Feb 07.

Phytochemicals and inflammatory bowel disease: a review.

Critical reviews in food science and nutrition

Imam Hossen, Wu Hua, Luo Ting, Arshad Mehmood, Song Jingyi, Xu Duoxia, Cao Yanping, Wu Hongqing, Gao Zhipeng, Zhang Kaiqi, Yang Fang, Xiao Junsong

Affiliations

  1. School of Food and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.
  2. Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, Beijing, China.
  3. Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing, China.
  4. Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.
  5. Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing, China.

PMID: 30729797 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2019.1570913

Abstract

Gastrointestinal tract is the second largest organ in the body that mainly functions in nutrients and minerals intake through the intestinal barrier. Intestinal permeability maintains the circulation of minerals and nutrients from digested foods. Life and all the metabolic processes depend either directly or indirectly on proper functioning of GI tract. Compromised intestinal permeability and related disorders are common among all the patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which is a collective term of inflammatory diseases including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Many synthetic drugs are currently in use to treat IBD such as 5-aminosalicylic acid corticosteroids. However, they all have some drawbacks as long-term use result in many complications. These problems encourage us to look out for alternative medicine. Numerous in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that the plant-derived secondary metabolites including phenolic compounds, glucosinolates, alkaloids, terpenoids, oligosaccharides, and quinones could reduce permeability, ameliorate-related dysfunctions with promising results. In addition, many of them could modulate enzymatic activity, suppress the inflammatory transcriptional factors, ease oxidative stress, and reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines secretion. In this review, we summarized the phytochemicals, which were proven potent in treating increased intestinal permeability and related complication along with their mechanism of action.

Keywords: Colitis; Gut microbiota; Inflammation; Intestinal permeability; Oxidative stress; Phytochemicals

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