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, Anttila V, Bulik-Sullivan B, et al. Analysis of shared heritability in common disorders of the brain. Science. 2018;360(6395)doi: 10.1126/science.aap8757.
, Anttila, V., Bulik-Sullivan, B., Finucane, H. K., Walters, R. K., Bras, J., Duncan, L., Escott-Price, V., Falcone, G. J., Gormley, P., Malik, R., Patsopoulos, N. A., Ripke, S., Wei, Z., Yu, D., Lee, P. H., Turley, P., Grenier-Boley, B., Chouraki, V., Kamatani, Y., Berr, C., Letenneur, L., Hannequin, D., Amouyel, P., Boland, A., Deleuze, J. F., Duron, E., Vardarajan, B. N., Reitz, C., Goate, A. M., Huentelman, M. J., Kamboh, M. I., Larson, E. B., Rogaeva, E., St George-Hyslop, P., Hakonarson, H., Kukull, W. A., Farrer, L. A., Barnes, L. L., Beach, T. G., Demirci, F. Y., Head, E., Hulette, C. M., Jicha, G. A., Kauwe, J. S. K., Kaye, J. A., Leverenz, J. B., Levey, A. I., Lieberman, A. P., Pankratz, V. S., Poon, W. W., Quinn, J. F., Saykin, A. J., Schneider, L. S., Smith, A. G., Sonnen, J. A., Stern, R. A., Van Deerlin, V. M., Van Eldik, L. J., Harold, D., Russo, G., Rubinsztein, D. C., Bayer, A., Tsolaki, M., Proitsi, P., Fox, N. C., Hampel, H., Owen, M. J., Mead, S., Passmore, P., Morgan, K., Nöthen, M. M., Rossor, M., Lupton, M. K., Hoffmann, P., Kornhuber, J., Lawlor, B., McQuillin, A., Al-Chalabi, A., Bis, J. C., Ruiz, A., Boada, M., Seshadri, S., Beiser, A., Rice, K., van der Lee, S. J., De Jager, P. L., Geschwind, D. H., Riemenschneider, M., Riedel-Heller, S., Rotter, J. I., Ransmayr, G., Hyman, B. T., Cruchaga, C., Alegret, M., Winsvold, B., Palta, P., Farh, K. H., Cuenca-Leon, E., Furlotte, N., Kurth, T., Ligthart, L., Terwindt, G. M., Freilinger, T., Ran, C., Gordon, S. D., Borck, G., Adams, H. H. H., Lehtimäki, T., Wedenoja, J., Buring, J. E., Schürks, M., Hrafnsdottir, M., Hottenga, J. J., Penninx, B., Artto, V., Kaunisto, M., Vepsäläinen, S., Martin, N. G., Montgomery, G. W., Kurki, M. I., Hämäläinen, E., Huang, H., Huang, J., Sandor, C., Webber, C., Muller-Myhsok, B., Schreiber, S., Salomaa, V., Loehrer, E., Göbel, H., Macaya, A., Pozo-Rosich, P., Hansen, T., Werge, T., Kaprio, J., Metspalu, A., Kubisch, C., Ferrari, M. D., Belin, A. C., van den Maagdenberg, A. M. J. M., Zwart, J. A., Boomsma, D., Eriksson, N., Olesen, J., Chasman, D. I., Nyholt, D. R., Avbersek, A., Baum, L., Berkovic, S., Bradfield, J., Buono, R. J., Catarino, C. B., Cossette, P., De Jonghe, P., Depondt, C., Dlugos, D., Ferraro, T. N., French, J., Hjalgrim, H., Jamnadas-Khoda, J., Kälviäinen, R., Kunz, W. S., Lerche, H., Leu, C., Lindhout, D., Lo, W., Lowenstein, D., McCormack, M., Møller, R. S., Molloy, A., Ng, P. W., Oliver, K., Privitera, M., Radtke, R., Ruppert, A. K., Sander, T., Schachter, S., Schankin, C., Scheffer, I., Schoch, S., Sisodiya, S. M., Smith, P., Sperling, M., Striano, P., Surges, R., Thomas, G. N., Visscher, F., Whelan, C. D., Zara, F., Heinzen, E. L., Marson, A., Becker, F., Stroink, H., Zimprich, F., Gasser, T., Gibbs, R., Heutink, P., Martinez, M., Morris, H. R., Sharma, M., Ryten, M., Mok, K. Y., Pulit, S., Bevan, S., Holliday, E., Attia, J., Battey, T., Boncoraglio, G., Thijs, V., Chen, W. M., Mitchell, B., Rothwell, P., Sharma, P., Sudlow, C., Vicente, A., Markus, H., Kourkoulis, C., Pera, J., Raffeld, M., Silliman, S., Boraska Perica, V., Thornton, L. M., Huckins, L. M., William Rayner, N., Lewis, C. M., Gratacos, M., Rybakowski, F., Keski-Rahkonen, A., Raevuori, A., Hudson, J. I., Reichborn-Kjennerud, T., Monteleone, P., Karwautz, A., Mannik, K., Baker, J. H., O'Toole, J. K., Trace, S. E., Davis, O. S. P., Helder, S. G., Ehrlich, S., Herpertz-Dahlmann, B., Danner, U. N., van Elburg, A. A., Clementi, M., Forzan, M., Docampo, E., Lissowska, J., Hauser, J., Tortorella, A., Maj, M., Gonidakis, F., Tziouvas, K., Papezova, H., Yilmaz, Z., Wagner, G., Cohen-Woods, S., Herms, S., Julià, A., Rabionet, R., Dick, D. M., Ripatti, S., Andreassen, O. A., Espeseth, T., Lundervold, A. J., Steen, V. M., Pinto, D., Scherer, S. W., Aschauer, H., Schosser, A., Alfredsson, L., Padyukov, L., Halmi, K. A., Mitchell, J., Strober, M., Bergen, A. W., Kaye, W., Szatkiewicz, J. P., Cormand, B., Ramos-Quiroga, J. A., Sánchez-Mora, C., Ribasés, M., Casas, M., Hervas, A., Arranz, M. J., Haavik, J., Zayats, T., Johansson, S., Williams, N., Dempfle, A., Rothenberger, A., Kuntsi, J., Oades, R. D., Banaschewski, T., Franke, B., Buitelaar, J. K., Arias Vasquez, A., Doyle, A. E., Reif, A., Lesch, K. P., Freitag, C., Rivero, O., Palmason, H., Romanos, M., Langley, K., Rietschel, M., Witt, S. H., Dalsgaard, S., Børglum, A. D., Waldman, I., Wilmot, B., Molly, N., Bau, C. H. D., Crosbie, J., Schachar, R., Loo, S. K., McGough, J. J., Grevet, E. H., Medland, S. E., Robinson, E., Weiss, L. A., Bacchelli, E., Bailey, A., Bal, V., Battaglia, A., Betancur, C., Bolton, P., Cantor, R., Celestino-Soper, P., Dawson, G., De Rubeis, S., Duque, F., Green, A., Klauck, S. M., Leboyer, M., Levitt, P., Maestrini, E., Mane, S., De-Luca, D. M., Parr, J., Regan, R., Reichenberg, A., Sandin, S., Vorstman, J., Wassink, T., Wijsman, E., Cook, E., Santangelo, S., Delorme, R., Rogé, B., Magalhaes, T., Arking, D., Schulze, T. G., Thompson, R. C., Strohmaier, J., Matthews, K., Melle, I., Morris, D., Blackwood, D., McIntosh, A., Bergen, S. E., Schalling, M., Jamain, S., Maaser, A., Fischer, S. B., Reinbold, C. S., Fullerton, J. M., Guzman-Parra, J., Mayoral, F., Schofield, P. R., Cichon, S., Mühleisen, T. W., Degenhardt, F., Schumacher, J., Bauer, M., Mitchell, P. B., Gershon, E. S., Rice, J., Potash, J. B., Zandi, P. P., Craddock, N., Ferrier, I. N., Alda, M., Rouleau, G. A., Turecki, G., Ophoff, R., Pato, C., Anjorin, A., Stahl, E., Leber, M., Czerski, P. M., Cruceanu, C., Jones, I. R., Posthuma, D., Andlauer, T. F. M., Forstner, A. J., Streit, F., Baune, B. T., Air, T., Sinnamon, G., Wray, N. R., MacIntyre, D. J., Porteous, D., Homuth, G., Rivera, M., Grove, J., Middeldorp, C. M., Hickie, I., Pergadia, M., Mehta, D., Smit, J. H., Jansen, R., de Geus, E., Dunn, E., Li, Q. S., Nauck, M., Schoevers, R. A., Beekman, A. T., Knowles, J. A., Viktorin, A., Arnold, P., Barr, C. L., Bedoya-Berrio, G., Bienvenu, O. J., Brentani, H., Burton, C., Camarena, B., Cappi, C., Cath, D., Cavallini, M., Cusi, D., Darrow, S., Denys, D., Derks, E. M., Dietrich, A., Fernandez, T., Figee, M., Freimer, N., Gerber, G., Grados, M., Greenberg, E., Hanna, G. L., Hartmann, A., Hirschtritt, M. E., Hoekstra, P. J., Huang, A., Huyser, C., Illmann, C., Jenike, M., Kuperman, S., Leventhal, B., Lochner, C., Lyon, G. J., Macciardi, F., Madruga-Garrido, M., Malaty, I. A., Maras, A., McGrath, L., Miguel, E. C., Mir, P., Nestadt, G., Nicolini, H., Okun, M. S., Pakstis, A., Paschou, P., Piacentini, J., Pittenger, C., Plessen, K., Ramensky, V., Ramos, E. M., Reus, V., Richter, M. A., Riddle, M. A., Robertson, M. M., Roessner, V., Rosário, M., Samuels, J. F., Sandor, P., Stein, D. J., Tsetsos, F., Van Nieuwerburgh, F., Weatherall, S., Wendland, J. R., Wolanczyk, T., Worbe, Y., Zai, G., Goes, F. S., McLaughlin, N., Nestadt, P. S., Grabe, H. J., Depienne, C., Konkashbaev, A., Lanzagorta, N., Valencia-Duarte, A., Bramon, E., Buccola, N., Cahn, W., Cairns, M., Chong, S. A., Cohen, D., Crespo-Facorro, B., Crowley, J., Davidson, M., DeLisi, L., Dinan, T., Donohoe, G., Drapeau, E., Duan, J., Haan, L., Hougaard, D., Karachanak-Yankova, S., Khrunin, A., Klovins, J., Kučinskas, V., Lee Chee Keong, J., Limborska, S., Loughland, C., Lönnqvist, J., Maher, B., Mattheisen, M., McDonald, C., Murphy, K. C., Nenadic, I., van Os, J., Pantelis, C., Pato, M., Petryshen, T., Quested, D., Roussos, P., Sanders, A. R., Schall, U., Schwab, S. G., Sim, K., So, H. C., Stögmann, E., Subramaniam, M., Toncheva, D., Waddington, J., Walters, J., Weiser, M., Cheng, W., Cloninger, R., Curtis, D., Gejman, P. V., Henskens, F., Mattingsdal, M., Oh, S. Y., Scott, R., Webb, B., Breen, G., Churchhouse, C., Bulik, C. M., Daly, M., Dichgans, M., Faraone, S. V., Guerreiro, R., Holmans, P., Kendler, K. S., Koeleman, B., Mathews, C. A., Price, A., Scharf, J., Sklar, P., Williams, J., Wood, N. W., Cotsapas, C., Palotie, A., Smoller, J. W., Sullivan, P., Rosand, J., Corvin, A., Neale, B. M., Schott, J. M., Anney, R., Elia, J., Grigoroiu-Serbanescu, M., Edenberg, H. J., & Murray, R. (2018). Analysis of shared heritability in common disorders of the brain. Science (New York, N.Y.), 360(6395), . https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aap8757
, et al. "Analysis of shared heritability in common disorders of the brain." Science (New York, N.Y.) vol. 360,6395 (2018). doi: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aap8757
, Anttila V, Bulik-Sullivan B, Finucane HK, Walters RK, Bras J, Duncan L, Escott-Price V, Falcone GJ, Gormley P, Malik R, Patsopoulos NA, Ripke S, Wei Z, Yu D, Lee PH, Turley P, Grenier-Boley B, Chouraki V, Kamatani Y, Berr C, Letenneur L, Hannequin D, Amouyel P, Boland A, Deleuze JF, Duron E, Vardarajan BN, Reitz C, Goate AM, Huentelman MJ, Kamboh MI, Larson EB, Rogaeva E, St George-Hyslop P, Hakonarson H, Kukull WA, Farrer LA, Barnes LL, Beach TG, Demirci FY, Head E, Hulette CM, Jicha GA, Kauwe JSK, Kaye JA, Leverenz JB, Levey AI, Lieberman AP, Pankratz VS, Poon WW, Quinn JF, Saykin AJ, Schneider LS, Smith AG, Sonnen JA, Stern RA, Van Deerlin VM, Van Eldik LJ, Harold D, Russo G, Rubinsztein DC, Bayer A, Tsolaki M, Proitsi P, Fox NC, Hampel H, Owen MJ, Mead S, Passmore P, Morgan K, Nöthen MM, Rossor M, Lupton MK, Hoffmann P, Kornhuber J, Lawlor B, McQuillin A, Al-Chalabi A, Bis JC, Ruiz A, Boada M, Seshadri S, Beiser A, Rice K, van der Lee SJ, De Jager PL, Geschwind DH, Riemenschneider M, Riedel-Heller S, Rotter JI, Ransmayr G, Hyman BT, Cruchaga C, Alegret M, Winsvold B, Palta P, Farh KH, Cuenca-Leon E, Furlotte N, Kurth T, Ligthart L, Terwindt GM, Freilinger T, Ran C, Gordon SD, Borck G, Adams HHH, Lehtimäki T, Wedenoja J, Buring JE, Schürks M, Hrafnsdottir M, Hottenga JJ, Penninx B, Artto V, Kaunisto M, Vepsäläinen S, Martin NG, Montgomery GW, Kurki MI, Hämäläinen E, Huang H, Huang J, Sandor C, Webber C, Muller-Myhsok B, Schreiber S, Salomaa V, Loehrer E, Göbel H, Macaya A, Pozo-Rosich P, Hansen T, Werge T, Kaprio J, Metspalu A, Kubisch C, Ferrari MD, Belin AC, van den Maagdenberg AMJM, Zwart JA, Boomsma D, Eriksson N, Olesen J, Chasman DI, Nyholt DR, Avbersek A, Baum L, Berkovic S, Bradfield J, Buono RJ, Catarino CB, Cossette P, De Jonghe P, Depondt C, Dlugos D, Ferraro TN, French J, Hjalgrim H, Jamnadas-Khoda J, Kälviäinen R, Kunz WS, Lerche H, Leu C, Lindhout D, Lo W, Lowenstein D, McCormack M, Møller RS, Molloy A, Ng PW, Oliver K, Privitera M, Radtke R, Ruppert AK, Sander T, Schachter S, Schankin C, Scheffer I, Schoch S, Sisodiya SM, Smith P, Sperling M, Striano P, Surges R, Thomas GN, Visscher F, Whelan CD, Zara F, Heinzen EL, Marson A, Becker F, Stroink H, Zimprich F, Gasser T, Gibbs R, Heutink P, Martinez M, Morris HR, Sharma M, Ryten M, Mok KY, Pulit S, Bevan S, Holliday E, Attia J, Battey T, Boncoraglio G, Thijs V, Chen WM, Mitchell B, Rothwell P, Sharma P, Sudlow C, Vicente A, Markus H, Kourkoulis C, Pera J, Raffeld M, Silliman S, Boraska Perica V, Thornton LM, Huckins LM, William Rayner N, Lewis CM, Gratacos M, Rybakowski F, Keski-Rahkonen A, Raevuori A, Hudson JI, Reichborn-Kjennerud T, Monteleone P, Karwautz A, Mannik K, Baker JH, O'Toole JK, Trace SE, Davis OSP, Helder SG, Ehrlich S, Herpertz-Dahlmann B, Danner UN, van Elburg AA, Clementi M, Forzan M, Docampo E, Lissowska J, Hauser J, Tortorella A, Maj M, Gonidakis F, Tziouvas K, Papezova H, Yilmaz Z, Wagner G, Cohen-Woods S, Herms S, Julià A, Rabionet R, Dick DM, Ripatti S, Andreassen OA, Espeseth T, Lundervold AJ, Steen VM, Pinto D, Scherer SW, Aschauer H, Schosser A, Alfredsson L, Padyukov L, Halmi KA, Mitchell J, Strober M, Bergen AW, Kaye W, Szatkiewicz JP, Cormand B, Ramos-Quiroga JA, Sánchez-Mora C, Ribasés M, Casas M, Hervas A, Arranz MJ, Haavik J, Zayats T, Johansson S, Williams N, Dempfle A, Rothenberger A, Kuntsi J, Oades RD, Banaschewski T, Franke B, Buitelaar JK, Arias Vasquez A, Doyle AE, Reif A, Lesch KP, Freitag C, Rivero O, Palmason H, Romanos M, Langley K, Rietschel M, Witt SH, Dalsgaard S, Børglum AD, Waldman I, Wilmot B, Molly N, Bau CHD, Crosbie J, Schachar R, Loo SK, McGough JJ, Grevet EH, Medland SE, Robinson E, Weiss LA, Bacchelli E, Bailey A, Bal V, Battaglia A, Betancur C, Bolton P, Cantor R, Celestino-Soper P, Dawson G, De Rubeis S, Duque F, Green A, Klauck SM, Leboyer M, Levitt P, Maestrini E, Mane S, De-Luca DM, Parr J, Regan R, Reichenberg A, Sandin S, Vorstman J, Wassink T, Wijsman E, Cook E, Santangelo S, Delorme R, Rogé B, Magalhaes T, Arking D, Schulze TG, Thompson RC, Strohmaier J, Matthews K, Melle I, Morris D, Blackwood D, McIntosh A, Bergen SE, Schalling M, Jamain S, Maaser A, Fischer SB, Reinbold CS, Fullerton JM, Guzman-Parra J, Mayoral F, Schofield PR, Cichon S, Mühleisen TW, Degenhardt F, Schumacher J, Bauer M, Mitchell PB, Gershon ES, Rice J, Potash JB, Zandi PP, Craddock N, Ferrier IN, Alda M, Rouleau GA, Turecki G, Ophoff R, Pato C, Anjorin A, Stahl E, Leber M, Czerski PM, Cruceanu C, Jones IR, Posthuma D, Andlauer TFM, Forstner AJ, Streit F, Baune BT, Air T, Sinnamon G, Wray NR, MacIntyre DJ, Porteous D, Homuth G, Rivera M, Grove J, Middeldorp CM, Hickie I, Pergadia M, Mehta D, Smit JH, Jansen R, de Geus E, Dunn E, Li QS, Nauck M, Schoevers RA, Beekman AT, Knowles JA, Viktorin A, Arnold P, Barr CL, Bedoya-Berrio G, Bienvenu OJ, Brentani H, Burton C, Camarena B, Cappi C, Cath D, Cavallini M, Cusi D, Darrow S, Denys D, Derks EM, Dietrich A, Fernandez T, Figee M, Freimer N, Gerber G, Grados M, Greenberg E, Hanna GL, Hartmann A, Hirschtritt ME, Hoekstra PJ, Huang A, Huyser C, Illmann C, Jenike M, Kuperman S, Leventhal B, Lochner C, Lyon GJ, Macciardi F, Madruga-Garrido M, Malaty IA, Maras A, McGrath L, Miguel EC, Mir P, Nestadt G, Nicolini H, Okun MS, Pakstis A, Paschou P, Piacentini J, Pittenger C, Plessen K, Ramensky V, Ramos EM, Reus V, Richter MA, Riddle MA, Robertson MM, Roessner V, Rosário M, Samuels JF, Sandor P, Stein DJ, Tsetsos F, Van Nieuwerburgh F, Weatherall S, Wendland JR, Wolanczyk T, Worbe Y, Zai G, Goes FS, McLaughlin N, Nestadt PS, Grabe HJ, Depienne C, Konkashbaev A, Lanzagorta N, Valencia-Duarte A, Bramon E, Buccola N, Cahn W, Cairns M, Chong SA, Cohen D, Crespo-Facorro B, Crowley J, Davidson M, DeLisi L, Dinan T, Donohoe G, Drapeau E, Duan J, Haan L, Hougaard D, Karachanak-Yankova S, Khrunin A, Klovins J, Kučinskas V, Lee Chee Keong J, Limborska S, Loughland C, Lönnqvist J, Maher B, Mattheisen M, McDonald C, Murphy KC, Nenadic I, van Os J, Pantelis C, Pato M, Petryshen T, Quested D, Roussos P, Sanders AR, Schall U, Schwab SG, Sim K, So HC, Stögmann E, Subramaniam M, Toncheva D, Waddington J, Walters J, Weiser M, Cheng W, Cloninger R, Curtis D, Gejman PV, Henskens F, Mattingsdal M, Oh SY, Scott R, Webb B, Breen G, Churchhouse C, Bulik CM, Daly M, Dichgans M, Faraone SV, Guerreiro R, Holmans P, Kendler KS, Koeleman B, Mathews CA, Price A, Scharf J, Sklar P, Williams J, Wood NW, Cotsapas C, Palotie A, Smoller JW, Sullivan P, Rosand J, Corvin A, Neale BM, Schott JM, Anney R, Elia J, Grigoroiu-Serbanescu M, Edenberg HJ, Murray R. Analysis of shared heritability in common disorders of the brain. Science. 2018 Jun 22;360(6395). doi: 10.1126/science.aap8757. PMID: 29930110; PMCID: PMC6097237.
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Science. 2018 Jun 22;360(6395). doi: 10.1126/science.aap8757.

Analysis of shared heritability in common disorders of the brain.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

Verneri Anttila, Brendan Bulik-Sullivan, Hilary K Finucane, Raymond K Walters, Jose Bras, Laramie Duncan, Valentina Escott-Price, Guido J Falcone, Padhraig Gormley, Rainer Malik, Nikolaos A Patsopoulos, Stephan Ripke, Zhi Wei, Dongmei Yu, Phil H Lee, Patrick Turley, Benjamin Grenier-Boley, Vincent Chouraki, Yoichiro Kamatani, Claudine Berr, Luc Letenneur, Didier Hannequin, Philippe Amouyel, Anne Boland, Jean-François Deleuze, Emmanuelle Duron, Badri N Vardarajan, Christiane Reitz, Alison M Goate, Matthew J Huentelman, M Ilyas Kamboh, Eric B Larson, Ekaterina Rogaeva, Peter St George-Hyslop, Hakon Hakonarson, Walter A Kukull, Lindsay A Farrer, Lisa L Barnes, Thomas G Beach, F Yesim Demirci, Elizabeth Head, Christine M Hulette, Gregory A Jicha, John S K Kauwe, Jeffrey A Kaye, James B Leverenz, Allan I Levey, Andrew P Lieberman, Vernon S Pankratz, Wayne W Poon, Joseph F Quinn, Andrew J Saykin, Lon S Schneider, Amanda G Smith, Joshua A Sonnen, Robert A Stern, Vivianna M Van Deerlin, Linda J Van Eldik, Denise Harold, Giancarlo Russo, David C Rubinsztein, Anthony Bayer, Magda Tsolaki, Petra Proitsi, Nick C Fox, Harald Hampel, Michael J Owen, Simon Mead, Peter Passmore, Kevin Morgan, Markus M Nöthen, Martin Rossor, Michelle K Lupton, Per Hoffmann, Johannes Kornhuber, Brian Lawlor, Andrew McQuillin, Ammar Al-Chalabi, Joshua C Bis, Agustin Ruiz, Mercè Boada, Sudha Seshadri, Alexa Beiser, Kenneth Rice, Sven J van der Lee, Philip L De Jager, Daniel H Geschwind, Matthias Riemenschneider, Steffi Riedel-Heller, Jerome I Rotter, Gerhard Ransmayr, Bradley T Hyman, Carlos Cruchaga, Montserrat Alegret, Bendik Winsvold, Priit Palta, Kai-How Farh, Ester Cuenca-Leon, Nicholas Furlotte, Tobias Kurth, Lannie Ligthart, Gisela M Terwindt, Tobias Freilinger, Caroline Ran, Scott D Gordon, Guntram Borck, Hieab H H Adams, Terho Lehtimäki, Juho Wedenoja, Julie E Buring, Markus Schürks, Maria Hrafnsdottir, Jouke-Jan Hottenga, Brenda Penninx, Ville Artto, Mari Kaunisto, Salli Vepsäläinen, Nicholas G Martin, Grant W Montgomery, Mitja I Kurki, Eija Hämäläinen, Hailiang Huang, Jie Huang, Cynthia Sandor, Caleb Webber, Bertram Muller-Myhsok, Stefan Schreiber, Veikko Salomaa, Elizabeth Loehrer, Hartmut Göbel, Alfons Macaya, Patricia Pozo-Rosich, Thomas Hansen, Thomas Werge, Jaakko Kaprio, Andres Metspalu, Christian Kubisch, Michel D Ferrari, Andrea C Belin, Arn M J M van den Maagdenberg, John-Anker Zwart, Dorret Boomsma, Nicholas Eriksson, Jes Olesen, Daniel I Chasman, Dale R Nyholt, Andreja Avbersek, Larry Baum, Samuel Berkovic, Jonathan Bradfield, Russell J Buono, Claudia B Catarino, Patrick Cossette, Peter De Jonghe, Chantal Depondt, Dennis Dlugos, Thomas N Ferraro, Jacqueline French, Helle Hjalgrim, Jennifer Jamnadas-Khoda, Reetta Kälviäinen, Wolfram S Kunz, Holger Lerche, Costin Leu, Dick Lindhout, Warren Lo, Daniel Lowenstein, Mark McCormack, Rikke S Møller, Anne Molloy, Ping-Wing Ng, Karen Oliver, Michael Privitera, Rodney Radtke, Ann-Kathrin Ruppert, Thomas Sander, Steven Schachter, Christoph Schankin, Ingrid Scheffer, Susanne Schoch, Sanjay M Sisodiya, Philip Smith, Michael Sperling, Pasquale Striano, Rainer Surges, G Neil Thomas, Frank Visscher, Christopher D Whelan, Federico Zara, Erin L Heinzen, Anthony Marson, Felicitas Becker, Hans Stroink, Fritz Zimprich, Thomas Gasser, Raphael Gibbs, Peter Heutink, Maria Martinez, Huw R Morris, Manu Sharma, Mina Ryten, Kin Y Mok, Sara Pulit, Steve Bevan, Elizabeth Holliday, John Attia, Thomas Battey, Giorgio Boncoraglio, Vincent Thijs, Wei-Min Chen, Braxton Mitchell, Peter Rothwell, Pankaj Sharma, Cathie Sudlow, Astrid Vicente, Hugh Markus, Christina Kourkoulis, Joana Pera, Miriam Raffeld, Scott Silliman, Vesna Boraska Perica, Laura M Thornton, Laura M Huckins, N William Rayner, Cathryn M Lewis, Monica Gratacos, Filip Rybakowski, Anna Keski-Rahkonen, Anu Raevuori, James I Hudson, Ted Reichborn-Kjennerud, Palmiero Monteleone, Andreas Karwautz, Katrin Mannik, Jessica H Baker, Julie K O'Toole, Sara E Trace, Oliver S P Davis, Sietske G Helder, Stefan Ehrlich, Beate Herpertz-Dahlmann, Unna N Danner, Annemarie A van Elburg, Maurizio Clementi, Monica Forzan, Elisa Docampo, Jolanta Lissowska, Joanna Hauser, Alfonso Tortorella, Mario Maj, Fragiskos Gonidakis, Konstantinos Tziouvas, Hana Papezova, Zeynep Yilmaz, Gudrun Wagner, Sarah Cohen-Woods, Stefan Herms, Antonio Julià, Raquel Rabionet, Danielle M Dick, Samuli Ripatti, Ole A Andreassen, Thomas Espeseth, Astri J Lundervold, Vidar M Steen, Dalila Pinto, Stephen W Scherer, Harald Aschauer, Alexandra Schosser, Lars Alfredsson, Leonid Padyukov, Katherine A Halmi, James Mitchell, Michael Strober, Andrew W Bergen, Walter Kaye, Jin Peng Szatkiewicz, Bru Cormand, Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga, Cristina Sánchez-Mora, Marta Ribasés, Miguel Casas, Amaia Hervas, Maria Jesús Arranz, Jan Haavik, Tetyana Zayats, Stefan Johansson, Nigel Williams, Astrid Dempfle, Aribert Rothenberger, Jonna Kuntsi, Robert D Oades, Tobias Banaschewski, Barbara Franke, Jan K Buitelaar, Alejandro Arias Vasquez, Alysa E Doyle, Andreas Reif, Klaus-Peter Lesch, Christine Freitag, Olga Rivero, Haukur Palmason, Marcel Romanos, Kate Langley, Marcella Rietschel, Stephanie H Witt, Soeren Dalsgaard, Anders D Børglum, Irwin Waldman, Beth Wilmot, Nikolas Molly, Claiton H D Bau, Jennifer Crosbie, Russell Schachar, Sandra K Loo, James J McGough, Eugenio H Grevet, Sarah E Medland, Elise Robinson, Lauren A Weiss, Elena Bacchelli, Anthony Bailey, Vanessa Bal, Agatino Battaglia, Catalina Betancur, Patrick Bolton, Rita Cantor, Patrícia Celestino-Soper, Geraldine Dawson, Silvia De Rubeis, Frederico Duque, Andrew Green, Sabine M Klauck, Marion Leboyer, Pat Levitt, Elena Maestrini, Shrikant Mane, Daniel Moreno- De-Luca, Jeremy Parr, Regina Regan, Abraham Reichenberg, Sven Sandin, Jacob Vorstman, Thomas Wassink, Ellen Wijsman, Edwin Cook, Susan Santangelo, Richard Delorme, Bernadette Rogé, Tiago Magalhaes, Dan Arking, Thomas G Schulze, Robert C Thompson, Jana Strohmaier, Keith Matthews, Ingrid Melle, Derek Morris, Douglas Blackwood, Andrew McIntosh, Sarah E Bergen, Martin Schalling, Stéphane Jamain, Anna Maaser, Sascha B Fischer, Céline S Reinbold, Janice M Fullerton, José Guzman-Parra, Fermin Mayoral, Peter R Schofield, Sven Cichon, Thomas W Mühleisen, Franziska Degenhardt, Johannes Schumacher, Michael Bauer, Philip B Mitchell, Elliot S Gershon, John Rice, James B Potash, Peter P Zandi, Nick Craddock, I Nicol Ferrier, Martin Alda, Guy A Rouleau, Gustavo Turecki, Roel Ophoff, Carlos Pato, Adebayo Anjorin, Eli Stahl, Markus Leber, Piotr M Czerski, Cristiana Cruceanu, Ian R Jones, Danielle Posthuma, Till F M Andlauer, Andreas J Forstner, Fabian Streit, Bernhard T Baune, Tracy Air, Grant Sinnamon, Naomi R Wray, Donald J MacIntyre, David Porteous, Georg Homuth, Margarita Rivera, Jakob Grove, Christel M Middeldorp, Ian Hickie, Michele Pergadia, Divya Mehta, Johannes H Smit, Rick Jansen, Eco de Geus, Erin Dunn, Qingqin S Li, Matthias Nauck, Robert A Schoevers, Aartjan Tf Beekman, James A Knowles, Alexander Viktorin, Paul Arnold, Cathy L Barr, Gabriel Bedoya-Berrio, O Joseph Bienvenu, Helena Brentani, Christie Burton, Beatriz Camarena, Carolina Cappi, Danielle Cath, Maria Cavallini, Daniele Cusi, Sabrina Darrow, Damiaan Denys, Eske M Derks, Andrea Dietrich, Thomas Fernandez, Martijn Figee, Nelson Freimer, Gloria Gerber, Marco Grados, Erica Greenberg, Gregory L Hanna, Andreas Hartmann, Matthew E Hirschtritt, Pieter J Hoekstra, Alden Huang, Chaim Huyser, Cornelia Illmann, Michael Jenike, Samuel Kuperman, Bennett Leventhal, Christine Lochner, Gholson J Lyon, Fabio Macciardi, Marcos Madruga-Garrido, Irene A Malaty, Athanasios Maras, Lauren McGrath, Eurípedes C Miguel, Pablo Mir, Gerald Nestadt, Humberto Nicolini, Michael S Okun, Andrew Pakstis, Peristera Paschou, John Piacentini, Christopher Pittenger, Kerstin Plessen, Vasily Ramensky, Eliana M Ramos, Victor Reus, Margaret A Richter, Mark A Riddle, Mary M Robertson, Veit Roessner, Maria Rosário, Jack F Samuels, Paul Sandor, Dan J Stein, Fotis Tsetsos, Filip Van Nieuwerburgh, Sarah Weatherall, Jens R Wendland, Tomasz Wolanczyk, Yulia Worbe, Gwyneth Zai, Fernando S Goes, Nicole McLaughlin, Paul S Nestadt, Hans-Jorgen Grabe, Christel Depienne, Anuar Konkashbaev, Nuria Lanzagorta, Ana Valencia-Duarte, Elvira Bramon, Nancy Buccola, Wiepke Cahn, Murray Cairns, Siow A Chong, David Cohen, Benedicto Crespo-Facorro, James Crowley, Michael Davidson, Lynn DeLisi, Timothy Dinan, Gary Donohoe, Elodie Drapeau, Jubao Duan, Lieuwe Haan, David Hougaard, Sena Karachanak-Yankova, Andrey Khrunin, Janis Klovins, Vaidutis Kučinskas, Jimmy Lee Chee Keong, Svetlana Limborska, Carmel Loughland, Jouko Lönnqvist, Brion Maher, Manuel Mattheisen, Colm McDonald, Kieran C Murphy, Igor Nenadic, Jim van Os, Christos Pantelis, Michele Pato, Tracey Petryshen, Digby Quested, Panos Roussos, Alan R Sanders, Ulrich Schall, Sibylle G Schwab, Kang Sim, Hon-Cheong So, Elisabeth Stögmann, Mythily Subramaniam, Draga Toncheva, John Waddington, James Walters, Mark Weiser, Wei Cheng, Robert Cloninger, David Curtis, Pablo V Gejman, Frans Henskens, Morten Mattingsdal, Sang-Yun Oh, Rodney Scott, Bradley Webb, Gerome Breen, Claire Churchhouse, Cynthia M Bulik, Mark Daly, Martin Dichgans, Stephen V Faraone, Rita Guerreiro, Peter Holmans, Kenneth S Kendler, Bobby Koeleman, Carol A Mathews, Alkes Price, Jeremiah Scharf, Pamela Sklar, Julie Williams, Nicholas W Wood, Chris Cotsapas, Aarno Palotie, Jordan W Smoller, Patrick Sullivan, Jonathan Rosand, Aiden Corvin, Benjamin M Neale, Jonathan M Schott, Richard Anney, Josephine Elia, Maria Grigoroiu-Serbanescu, Howard J Edenberg, Robin Murray

Affiliations

  1. Analytic Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. [email protected] [email protected] [email protected].
  2. Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
  3. Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
  4. Analytic Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
  5. Department of Mathematics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
  6. Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
  7. UK Dementia Research Institute, University College London, London, UK.
  8. Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.
  9. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
  10. Cardiff University, Medical Research Council Center for Neuropsychiatric Genetics & Genomics, Institute of Psychology, Medicine & Clinical Neuroscience, Cardiff, UK.
  11. Dementia Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
  12. Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
  13. Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
  14. Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
  15. Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
  16. Department of Neurology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
  17. Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
  18. Department of Computer Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, New Jersey, USA.
  19. INSERM U1167 LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France.
  20. Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167, Lille, France.
  21. Université de Lille, U1167, RID-AGE, Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France.
  22. Centre Hosp. Univ Lille, Lille, France.
  23. Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan.
  24. Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
  25. INSERM U1061 - Neuropsychiatry: Epidemiological and Clinical Research, Montpellier, France.
  26. University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
  27. Memory Research and Resources Center, Department of Neurology, Montpellier University Hospital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, France.
  28. INSERM, UMR 1219, Bordeaux, France.
  29. University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
  30. Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France.
  31. Inserm U1245, Rouen, France.
  32. Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH), Institut de biologie François Jacob, CEA, Evry, France.
  33. Department of Gerontology, Hôpital Broca, AH-HP, Paris, France.
  34. Hôpital Paul Brousse Université Paris Sud XI, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Paris, France.
  35. Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center and Dept of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
  36. Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
  37. Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
  38. Translational Genomics Research Institute, Neurogenomics Division, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
  39. University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
  40. Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA.
  41. Department of Medicine, University of Washington, WA, USA.
  42. Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
  43. Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
  44. Center for Applied Genomics of The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
  45. Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
  46. Department of Pediatrics, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
  47. National Alzheimer Coordinating Center (NACC), Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
  48. Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
  49. Rush Alzheimers Disease Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
  50. Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL, USA.
  51. Department of Behavioral Sciences, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL, USA.
  52. Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, AZ, USA.
  53. Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
  54. Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
  55. College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
  56. Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA.
  57. Layton Aging & Alzheimer's Disease Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
  58. Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
  59. Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
  60. Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
  61. University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
  62. Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
  63. Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
  64. Department of Neurology and Parkinson's Disease Research Education and Clinical Care Center (PADRECC), Portland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Portland, OR, USA.
  65. Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
  66. Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
  67. Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
  68. Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
  69. Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
  70. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
  71. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
  72. School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland.
  73. Functional Genomics Center Zurich, ETH/UZH-Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
  74. Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, UK.
  75. UK Dementia Research Institute, Cambridge, UK.
  76. School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
  77. 1st and 3rd Departments of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
  78. Greek Association of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders, Thessaloniki, Greece.
  79. Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
  80. Dementia Research Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
  81. Sorbonne University, GRC n° 21, Alzheimer Precision Medicine (APM), AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France.
  82. Institute of Memory and Alzheimer's Disease (IM2A), Department of Neurology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France.
  83. Brain & Spine Institute (ICM), INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Paris, France.
  84. AXA Research Fund & Sorbonne University Chair, Paris, France?.
  85. MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
  86. Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
  87. Institute of Prion Diseases and MRC Prion Unit, University College London, London, UK.
  88. Centre for Public Health, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
  89. Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham UK.
  90. Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
  91. Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Bonn & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
  92. Department of Neurodegeneration, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
  93. QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.
  94. Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, UK.
  95. Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
  96. Human Genomics Research Group, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
  97. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg University Hospital, Erlangen, Germany.
  98. Department of Psychiatry and Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.
  99. Division of Psychiatry, Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory,University College London, London, UK.
  100. Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
  101. King's College Hospital, London, UK.
  102. Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
  103. Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Barcelona, Spain and Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.
  104. Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), Barcelona, Spain.
  105. Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA.
  106. Neurology and Neurogenetics Core, Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA.
  107. School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
  108. School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
  109. Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA.
  110. Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
  111. Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
  112. Center for Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
  113. Neurogenetics Program, Departments of Neurology and Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
  114. Center For Autism Research and Treatment, Semel Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
  115. Institute for Precision Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
  116. Department of Psychiatry, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany.
  117. Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
  118. Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA.
  119. Department of Neurology II, Kepler University Clinic, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria.
  120. Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
  121. Communication and Research Unit for Musculoskeletal Disorders (FORMI), Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
  122. Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
  123. Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
  124. Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
  125. Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA, USA.
  126. 23andMe Inc., Mountain View, CA, US.
  127. Institute of Public Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
  128. Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
  129. Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
  130. Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universitaet Muenchen, Munich, Germany.
  131. Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.
  132. Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
  133. Institute of Human Genetics, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
  134. Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
  135. Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.
  136. Department of Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
  137. Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
  138. Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
  139. Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Germany.
  140. Landspitali National University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland.
  141. Avera Institute for Human Genetics, Sioux Falls, SD, USA.
  142. Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
  143. Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
  144. Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
  145. Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
  146. Boston VA Research Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
  147. Brigham Women's Hospital Division of Aging, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
  148. Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
  149. Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.
  150. Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany.
  151. Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
  152. Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany.
  153. Clinic of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany.
  154. National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.
  155. Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
  156. Kiel Pain and Headache Center, Kiel, Germany.
  157. Pediatric Neurology Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
  158. Headache Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain.
  159. Headache Research Group, VHIR, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
  160. Danish Headache Center, Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
  161. Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Roskilde, Denmark.
  162. Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
  163. Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
  164. Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
  165. Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
  166. Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
  167. Netherlands Twin Register, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
  168. Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
  169. Statistical and Genomic Epidemiology Laboratory, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
  170. Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
  171. Centre for Genomic Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
  172. Epilepsy Research Centre, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, Australia.
  173. Quantinuum Research LLC, San Diego, CA, USA.
  174. Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA.
  175. Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
  176. Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
  177. Epilepsy Society, Chalfont-St-Peter, Bucks, UK.
  178. Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Universite de Montreal and Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada.
  179. Neurogenetics Group, VIB-CMN, Antwerp, Belgium.
  180. University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
  181. Department of Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium.
  182. Department of Neurology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
  183. Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
  184. Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
  185. Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA.
  186. Department of Psychiatry, Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
  187. NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
  188. Amplexa Genetics A/S, Odense, Denmark.
  189. Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
  190. Epilepsy Center/Neurocenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
  191. Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
  192. Department of Epileptology, University Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany.
  193. Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research, University Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany.
  194. Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, London.
  195. Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands.
  196. Epilepsy Foundation in the Netherlands (SEIN), Heemstede, the Netherlands.
  197. Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
  198. Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.
  199. Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
  200. Department of Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.
  201. Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
  202. Danish Epilepsy Centre, Filadelfia, Dianalund, Denmark.
  203. Institute for Regional Health Services, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
  204. Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
  205. United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong.
  206. Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital, Hong Kong.
  207. Epilepsy Research Centre, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Australia.
  208. Department of Neurology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
  209. UC Gardner Neuroscience Institute, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
  210. Department of Neurology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
  211. Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
  212. Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
  213. Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland.
  214. Department of Neurology, University of Munich Hospital, Grosshadern, University of Munich, Germany.
  215. Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
  216. Department of Paediatrics, Royal Children's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
  217. Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
  218. Institute of Neuropathology, Bonn University Medical School, Bonn, Germany.
  219. UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
  220. Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Bucks, UK.
  221. University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK.
  222. Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
  223. Pediatric Neurology and Muscular Diseases Unit-Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health University of Genoa, "G. Gaslini" Institute, Genova, Italy.
  224. Department of Epileptology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
  225. Section of Epileptology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
  226. Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, UK.
  227. Department of Neurology, Admiraal De Ruyter Hospital, Goes, The Netherlands.
  228. Laboratory of Neurogenetics, G. Gaslini Institute, Genova, Italy.
  229. Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
  230. University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
  231. Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK.
  232. Department of Neurology and Epileptology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.
  233. Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
  234. CWZ Hospital, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
  235. Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
  236. Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
  237. German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany.
  238. Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
  239. INSERM U1220, IRSD, Toulouse, France.
  240. Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.
  241. Centre for Genetic Epidemiology, Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Applied Biometery, University of Tubingen, Germany.
  242. Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
  243. Department of Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
  244. Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
  245. University of Lincoln, Lincoln, UK.
  246. Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.
  247. University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.
  248. Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia.
  249. Division of Neurocritical Care and Emergency Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
  250. Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy.
  251. PhD Program in Neuroscience, University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.
  252. Austin Health, Heidelberg, Australia.
  253. University of Virginia Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
  254. Dept of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
  255. Geriatrics Research and Education Clinical Center, Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.
  256. Centre for Prevention of Stroke and Dementia, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
  257. Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Royal Holloway University of London, London, UK .
  258. Ashford & St Peters NHS Foundation Trust, Surrey, UK.
  259. University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
  260. Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisboa, Portugal.
  261. Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute - BioISI, University of Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
  262. Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
  263. Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
  264. Department of Neurology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland.
  265. The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
  266. Department of Neurology, College of Medicine-Jacksonville, University of Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
  267. University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia.
  268. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
  269. Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
  270. Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
  271. Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
  272. Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, UK.
  273. MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, King's College London, London, UK.
  274. Genes and Disease Programme, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Spain.
  275. Department of Adult Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland.
  276. Clinicum, Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Finland.
  277. Department of Adolescent Psychiatry, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
  278. Harvard Medical School/McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA.
  279. Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
  280. University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
  281. Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno,Italy.
  282. Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
  283. Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
  284. Kartini Clinic, Portland, OR, USA.
  285. Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
  286. MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit and Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
  287. Zorg op Orde BV, Leidschendam, The Netherlands.
  288. Division of Psychological & Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Technischen Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
  289. Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry & Psychosomatic Medicine of University Clinics, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany .
  290. Altrecht Eating Disorders Rintveld, Altrecht Mental Health Institute, Zeist, The Netherlands.
  291. Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
  292. Medical Genetics Unit, Department SDB, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
  293. UOC Genetica ed Epidemiologica Clinica Az. Ospedaliera, Padova, Italy.
  294. Department of Human Genetics, CHU Sart-Tilman, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
  295. Department of Rheumatology, CHU Sart-Tilman, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
  296. Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Cancer Center and M. Sklodowska-Curie Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland.
  297. Department of Psychiatry, University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
  298. Department of Psychiatry, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
  299. Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania "luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
  300. Eating Disorders Unit, 1st Psychiatric Department, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
  301. Aglaia Kyriakou Childrens Hospital, Athens, Greece.
  302. Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
  303. General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.
  304. Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
  305. School of Psychology, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.
  306. Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.
  307. Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain.
  308. Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain.
  309. Department of Genetics, Microbiology & Statistics, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
  310. Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Spain.
  311. Departments of Psychology and Human & Molecular Genetics, College Behavioral and Emotional Health Institute, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.
  312. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA.
  313. NORMENT, Div. of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
  314. Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
  315. Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway.
  316. K. G. Jebsen Centre for Research on Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
  317. Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
  318. NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Center for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Norway.
  319. Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
  320. Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
  321. Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
  322. Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, and Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
  323. The Mindich Child Health & Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
  324. McLaughlin Centre and Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
  325. The Centre for Applied Genomics, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.
  326. Biopsychosocial Corporation, Vienna, Austria.
  327. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
  328. Zentren für Seelische Gesundheit, BBRZ-Med, Vienna, Austria.
  329. Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
  330. Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden.
  331. Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA.
  332. School of Medicine, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA.
  333. Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Fargo, ND, USA.
  334. Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
  335. BioRealm, Walnut, California, USA.
  336. Oregon Research Institute, Eugene, OR, USA.
  337. Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
  338. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
  339. Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain.
  340. Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
  341. Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
  342. Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
  343. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
  344. Programa Corporatiu "Neurodevelopment Disorders along Life Span", Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain.
  345. Clinica Galatea y PAIMM, Mental Health Program for Impaired Physicians, Barcelona, Spain.
  346. Child and Adolescent Mental Health Unit, Hospital Universitario Mútua de Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain.
  347. Fundació Docència i Recerca Mútua Terrassa.
  348. K.G. Jebsen Centre for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Norway.
  349. Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
  350. K.G. Jebsen Centre for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Norway.
  351. Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany.
  352. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Goettingen, Germany.
  353. Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
  354. Clinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
  355. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
  356. Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
  357. Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
  358. Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
  359. Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
  360. Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
  361. Department of Psychiatry & Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
  362. Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
  363. Laboratory of Psychiatric Neurobiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
  364. Department of Translational Psychiatry, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
  365. Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Center of Mental Health, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.
  366. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
  367. Center of Mental Health, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.
  368. School of Psychology, Cardiff University, UK.
  369. Central Institute of Mental Health, Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
  370. National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
  371. Hospital of Telemark, Kragerø, Norway.
  372. Department of Biomedicine and Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
  373. Center for Integrative Sequencing (iSEQ), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
  374. Aarhus Genome Center, Aarhus, Denmark.
  375. Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
  376. Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
  377. Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
  378. Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
  379. ADHD Outpatient Clinic, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
  380. Neurosciences and Mental Health Program, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.
  381. University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
  382. Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.
  383. Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
  384. Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
  385. Department of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
  386. Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
  387. Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
  388. Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
  389. Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
  390. Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
  391. Institute of Mental Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
  392. Stella Maris Clinical Research Institute for Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, Pisa, Italy.
  393. Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Neuroscience Paris Seine, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Paris, France.
  394. NIHR Biomedical Research Centre in Mental Health Maudsley Hospital, London, UK.
  395. Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
  396. LifeOmic, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
  397. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
  398. Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
  399. Child Developmental Center, Hospital Pediátrico, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
  400. University Clinic of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
  401. Dept of Clinical Genetics, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland.
  402. School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
  403. Division of Molecular Genome Analysis and Division of Cancer Genome Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
  404. Inserm U955, Psychiatrie Translationnelle, Créteil, France.
  405. Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Est, Créteil, France.
  406. Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.
  407. Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA .
  408. Yale Center for Genome Analysis, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
  409. Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
  410. Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
  411. Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK.
  412. Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle, UK.
  413. Northumberland, Tyne & Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland, UK.
  414. Genomics Medicine Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.
  415. Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
  416. Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
  417. Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.
  418. Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
  419. Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
  420. Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
  421. Center for Psychiatric Research, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Portland, ME, USA.
  422. Department of Psychiatry, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
  423. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Robert Debre Hospital, APHP, Paris, France.
  424. Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
  425. Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches en Psychopathologie et Psychologie de la Santé (CERPPS), Université Toulouse Jean Jaurès, Toulouse, France.
  426. CERESA, Toulouse, France.
  427. Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France.
  428. Academic Centre on Rare Diseases University College Dublin (ACoRD/UCD), Dublin, Ireland.
  429. McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
  430. Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
  431. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
  432. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
  433. Human Genetics Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA.
  434. Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
  435. Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
  436. SRH University Heidelberg, Academy for Psychotherapy, Heidelberg, Germany.
  437. Division of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.
  438. Advanced Interventions Service, NHS Tayside, Dundee, UK.
  439. NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
  440. Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
  441. Cognitive Genetics and Cognitive Therapy Group, Neuroimaging, Cognition and Genomics (NICOG) Centre, School of Psychology and Discipline of Biochemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
  442. Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
  443. Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
  444. Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
  445. Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
  446. Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia.
  447. School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
  448. Unidad de Salud Mental, Hospital Regional Universitario de Malaga, Malaga, Spain.
  449. Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Malaga, Spain.
  450. Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
  451. Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
  452. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
  453. School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
  454. Black Dog Institute, Sydney, Australia.
  455. University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
  456. Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.
  457. Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
  458. Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada.
  459. National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic.
  460. Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Canada.
  461. Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Canada.
  462. Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Canada.
  463. Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
  464. UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
  465. SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA.
  466. University College London, London, UK.
  467. Hospital for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Cologne, Germany.
  468. Laboratory of Psychiatric Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
  469. Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
  470. Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max-Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.
  471. National Centre for Mental Health, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
  472. Department Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
  473. Department Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
  474. Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
  475. Department of Psychiatry (UPK), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
  476. Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
  477. Bela Menso Brain and Behaviour Centre, James Cook University, Varsity Lakes, Australia.
  478. Bond University, Faculty of Society and Design, Robina, Australia.
  479. Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
  480. Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
  481. Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
  482. Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
  483. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Neurosciences, Center for Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
  484. Bioinformatics Research Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
  485. Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
  486. Child and Youth Mental Health Service, Children's Health Queensland Health and Hospital Service, Brisbane, Australia.
  487. Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
  488. School of Psychology and Counselling, Faculty of Health, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Queensland, Australia.
  489. University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
  490. Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
  491. Department of Research and Innovation, GGZ Ingeest, Specialized Mental Health Care, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
  492. Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
  493. Janssen Research & Development LLC, Titusville, NJ, USA.
  494. Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany .
  495. German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
  496. Research School of Behavioural and Cognitive Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
  497. Department of Psychiatry GGZ INGEEST, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
  498. Department of Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA.
  499. Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
  500. Departments of Psychiatry and Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
  501. Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.
  502. Grupo de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
  503. Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
  504. Department of Psychiatry, Sao Paulo Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
  505. Depto. Farmacogenética, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatria Ramon de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City, Mexico.
  506. Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen and University Medical Center, Groningen, the Netherlands.
  507. Department of Specialized Trainings, GGZ Drenthe Mental Health Care Services, Assen, the Netherlands.
  508. Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy.
  509. Bio4Dreams Srl, Milan, Italy.
  510. University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
  511. Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
  512. Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
  513. University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
  514. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
  515. Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
  516. Centre National Maladie 'Syndrome Rare Gilles de la Tourette', Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.
  517. Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Départment de Neurologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.
  518. Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, ICM, Paris, France.
  519. Bioinformatics Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
  520. De Bascule, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
  521. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
  522. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
  523. MRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
  524. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA.
  525. Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
  526. Sección de Neuropediatría, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain.
  527. Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
  528. Yulius Academy, Yulius Mental Health Organization, Barendrecht, The Netherlands.
  529. Department of Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA.
  530. Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
  531. Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain.
  532. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.
  533. National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Ciudad de México, Mexico.
  534. Clinical Research, Grupo Médico Carracci, Mexico City, Mexico.
  535. Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
  536. Fixel Center for Neurological Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
  537. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
  538. Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA.
  539. Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
  540. Division of Adolescent and Child Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
  541. Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Mental Health Services Capital Region Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
  542. Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Institusky 9, Moscow, Russia.
  543. Department of Psychiatry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
  544. Frederick W. Thompson Anxiety Disorders Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada.
  545. Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
  546. Division of Neuropsychiatry, University College London, London, UK.
  547. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Technischen Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
  548. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit (UPIA), Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil.
  549. Yale Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
  550. University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
  551. Youthdale Treatment Centers, Toronto, Canada.
  552. Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.
  553. Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece.
  554. Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
  555. Pfizer, Inc., New York, NY, USA.
  556. Department of Child Psychiatry, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
  557. Sorbonne Université, Faculty of Médecine, Paris, France.
  558. Reference center for Gilles de la Tourette syndrome, Pitie-Salpetriere Hospital, Paris, France.
  559. Department of Physiology, Saint Antoine Hospital, Paris, France.
  560. Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.
  561. Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
  562. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
  563. Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
  564. INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Paris, France.
  565. IGBMC, CNRS UMR 7104/INSERM U964/Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.
  566. Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
  567. Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia.
  568. Laboratorio de Genética Molecular, SIU, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
  569. School of Nursing, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA.
  570. Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
  571. School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.
  572. Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia.
  573. Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.
  574. Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore.
  575. Assistance Publique - Hopitaux de Paris, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.
  576. Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 7222 Institut des Systèmes Intelligents et Robotiques, Paris, France.
  577. Departments of Medicine and Psychiatry, School of Medicine University of Cantabria-IDIVAL, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain.
  578. Minerva Neurosciences Inc., Waltham, MA, USA.
  579. Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
  580. VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA.
  581. APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
  582. Department of Psychiatry, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
  583. Neuroimaging, Cognition and Genomics (NICOG) Centre, School of Psychology, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
  584. Center for Psychiatric Genetics, NorthShore University HealthSystem Research Institute, Evanston, IL, USA.
  585. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
  586. Arkin, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
  587. Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
  588. Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria.
  589. Department of Molecular Bases of Human Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
  590. Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia.
  591. Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.
  592. Institute of Mental Health, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
  593. Department of Human Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
  594. Hunter New England Local Health District, Newcastle, Australia.
  595. Department of Psychiatry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
  596. Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Center of Mental Health, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.
  597. Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
  598. Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
  599. Centre for Neuroimaging and Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), National University of Ireland, Galway, Galway, Ireland.
  600. NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, National University of Ireland, Galway, Galway, Ireland.
  601. Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.
  602. Philipps-Universität Marburg and Marburg University Hospital UKGM, Marburg, Germany.
  603. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
  604. Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
  605. Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK.
  606. Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne & Melbourne Health, Victoria, Australia.
  607. Centre for Neural Engineering, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
  608. Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.
  609. Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
  610. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, NorthShore University HealthSystem Research Institute, Evanston, IL, USA.
  611. Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia.
  612. Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
  613. Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
  614. School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
  615. KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research of Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.
  616. Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
  617. Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.
  618. Departments of Psychiatry and Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
  619. UCL Genetics Institute, University College London, London, UK.
  620. Centre for Psychiatry, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK.
  621. School of Medicine & Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.
  622. Priority Research Centre for Health Behaviour, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.
  623. Research Unit, Sørlandet Hospital, Kristiansand, Norway.
  624. Department of Statistics and Applied Probability, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA.
  625. Computational Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
  626. NSW Health Pathology, Newcastle, Australia.
  627. Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
  628. Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Social Genetics & Developmental Psychiatry Center, MRC, Kings College London, London, UK.
  629. NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, South London & Maudsley NHS Trust & King's College London, London, UK.
  630. Departments of Psychiatry and Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
  631. Departments of Psychiatry and of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
  632. Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
  633. Division Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
  634. Department of Psychiatry and UF Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
  635. Division of Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
  636. Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
  637. Department of Genetics and Psychiatry, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
  638. Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. [email protected] [email protected] [email protected].
  639. Neuropsychiatric Genetics Research Group, Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
  640. Department of Pediatrics, Nemours A.I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA.
  641. Department of Psychiatry, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
  642. Alexandru Obregia Clinical Psychiatric Hospital, Biometric Psychiatric Genetics Research Unit, Bucharest, Romania.
  643. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.

PMID: 29930110 PMCID: PMC6097237 DOI: 10.1126/science.aap8757

Abstract

Disorders of the brain can exhibit considerable epidemiological comorbidity and often share symptoms, provoking debate about their etiologic overlap. We quantified the genetic sharing of 25 brain disorders from genome-wide association studies of 265,218 patients and 784,643 control participants and assessed their relationship to 17 phenotypes from 1,191,588 individuals. Psychiatric disorders share common variant risk, whereas neurological disorders appear more distinct from one another and from the psychiatric disorders. We also identified significant sharing between disorders and a number of brain phenotypes, including cognitive measures. Further, we conducted simulations to explore how statistical power, diagnostic misclassification, and phenotypic heterogeneity affect genetic correlations. These results highlight the importance of common genetic variation as a risk factor for brain disorders and the value of heritability-based methods in understanding their etiology.

Copyright © 2018 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works.

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