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Justice AE, Winkler TW, Feitosa MF, et al. Genome-wide meta-analysis of 241,258 adults accounting for smoking behaviour identifies novel loci for obesity traits. Nat Commun. 2017;8:14977doi: 10.1038/ncomms14977.
Justice, A. E., Winkler, T. W., Feitosa, M. F., Graff, M., Fisher, V. A., Young, K., Barata, L., Deng, X., Czajkowski, J., Hadley, D., Ngwa, J. S., Ahluwalia, T. S., Chu, A. Y., Heard-Costa, N. L., Lim, E., Perez, J., Eicher, J. D., Kutalik, Z., Xue, L., Mahajan, A., Renström, F., Wu, J., Qi, Q., Ahmad, S., Alfred, T., Amin, N., Bielak, L. F., Bonnefond, A., Bragg, J., Cadby, G., Chittani, M., Coggeshall, S., Corre, T., Direk, N., Eriksson, J., Fischer, K., Gorski, M., Neergaard Harder, M., Horikoshi, M., Huang, T., Huffman, J. E., Jackson, A. U., Justesen, J. M., Kanoni, S., Kinnunen, L., Kleber, M. E., Komulainen, P., Kumari, M., Lim, U., Luan, J., Lyytikäinen, L. P., Mangino, M., Manichaikul, A., Marten, J., Middelberg, R. P. S., Müller-Nurasyid, M., Navarro, P., Pérusse, L., Pervjakova, N., Sarti, C., Smith, A. V., Smith, J. A., Stančáková, A., Strawbridge, R. J., Stringham, H. M., Sung, Y. J., Tanaka, T., Teumer, A., Trompet, S., van der Laan, S. W., van der Most, P. J., Van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, J. V., Vedantam, S. L., Verweij, N., Vink, J. M., Vitart, V., Wu, Y., Yengo, L., Zhang, W., Hua Zhao, J., Zimmermann, M. E., Zubair, N., Abecasis, G. R., Adair, L. S., Afaq, S., Afzal, U., Bakker, S. J. L., Bartz, T. M., Beilby, J., Bergman, R. N., Bergmann, S., Biffar, R., Blangero, J., Boerwinkle, E., Bonnycastle, L. L., Bottinger, E., Braga, D., Buckley, B. M., Buyske, S., Campbell, H., Chambers, J. C., Collins, F. S., Curran, J. E., de Borst, G. J., de Craen, A. J. M., de Geus, E. J. C., Dedoussis, G., Delgado, G. E., den Ruijter, H. M., Eiriksdottir, G., Eriksson, A. L., Esko, T., Faul, J. D., Ford, I., Forrester, T., Gertow, K., Gigante, B., Glorioso, N., Gong, J., Grallert, H., Grammer, T. B., Grarup, N., Haitjema, S., Hallmans, G., Hamsten, A., Hansen, T., Harris, T. B., Hartman, C. A., Hassinen, M., Hastie, N. D., Heath, A. C., Hernandez, D., Hindorff, L., Hocking, L. J., Hollensted, M., Holmen, O. L., Homuth, G., Jan Hottenga, J., Huang, J., Hung, J., Hutri-Kähönen, N., Ingelsson, E., James, A. L., Jansson, J. O., Jarvelin, M. R., Jhun, M. A., Jørgensen, M. E., Juonala, M., Kähönen, M., Karlsson, M., Koistinen, H. A., Kolcic, I., Kolovou, G., Kooperberg, C., Krämer, B. K., Kuusisto, J., Kvaløy, K., Lakka, T. A., Langenberg, C., Launer, L. J., Leander, K., Lee, N. R., Lind, L., Lindgren, C. M., Linneberg, A., Lobbens, S., Loh, M., Lorentzon, M., Luben, R., Lubke, G., Ludolph-Donislawski, A., Lupoli, S., Madden, P. A. F., Männikkö, R., Marques-Vidal, P., Martin, N. G., McKenzie, C. A., McKnight, B., Mellström, D., Menni, C., Montgomery, G. W., Musk, A. B., Narisu, N., Nauck, M., Nolte, I. M., Oldehinkel, A. J., Olden, M., Ong, K. K., Padmanabhan, S., Peyser, P. A., Pisinger, C., Porteous, D. J., Raitakari, O. T., Rankinen, T., Rao, D. C., Rasmussen-Torvik, L. J., Rawal, R., Rice, T., Ridker, P. M., Rose, L. M., Bien, S. A., Rudan, I., Sanna, S., Sarzynski, M. A., Sattar, N., Savonen, K., Schlessinger, D., Scholtens, S., Schurmann, C., Scott, R. A., Sennblad, B., Siemelink, M. A., Silbernagel, G., Slagboom, P. E., Snieder, H., Staessen, J. A., Stott, D. J., Swertz, M. A., Swift, A. J., Taylor, K. D., Tayo, B. O., Thorand, B., Thuillier, D., Tuomilehto, J., Uitterlinden, A. G., Vandenput, L., Vohl, M. C., Völzke, H., Vonk, J. M., Waeber, G., Waldenberger, M., Westendorp, R. G. J., Wild, S., Willemsen, G., Wolffenbuttel, B. H. R., Wong, A., Wright, A. F., Zhao, W., Zillikens, M. C., Baldassarre, D., Balkau, B., Bandinelli, S., Böger, C. A., Boomsma, D. I., Bouchard, C., Bruinenberg, M., Chasman, D. I., Chen, Y. D., Chines, P. S., Cooper, R. S., Cucca, F., Cusi, D., Faire, U., Ferrucci, L., Franks, P. W., Froguel, P., Gordon-Larsen, P., Grabe, H. J., Gudnason, V., Haiman, C. A., Hayward, C., Hveem, K., Johnson, A. D., Wouter Jukema, J., Kardia, S. L. R., Kivimaki, M., Kooner, J. S., Kuh, D., Laakso, M., Lehtimäki, T., Marchand, L. L., März, W., McCarthy, M. I., Metspalu, A., Morris, A. P., Ohlsson, C., Palmer, L. J., Pasterkamp, G., Pedersen, O., Peters, A., Peters, U., Polasek, O., Psaty, B. M., Qi, L., Rauramaa, R., Smith, B. H., Sørensen, T. I. A., Strauch, K., Tiemeier, H., Tremoli, E., van der Harst, P., Vestergaard, H., Vollenweider, P., Wareham, N. J., Weir, D. R., Whitfield, J. B., Wilson, J. F., Tyrrell, J., Frayling, T. M., Barroso, I., Boehnke, M., Deloukas, P., Fox, C. S., Hirschhorn, J. N., Hunter, D. J., Spector, T. D., Strachan, D. P., van Duijn, C. M., Heid, I. M., Mohlke, K. L., Marchini, J., Loos, R. J. F., Kilpeläinen, T. O., Liu, C. T., Borecki, I. B., North, K. E., & Cupples, L. A. (2017). Genome-wide meta-analysis of 241,258 adults accounting for smoking behaviour identifies novel loci for obesity traits. Nature communications, 814977. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms14977
Justice, Anne E, et al. "Genome-wide meta-analysis of 241,258 adults accounting for smoking behaviour identifies novel loci for obesity traits." Nature communications vol. 8 (2017): 14977. doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms14977
Justice AE, Winkler TW, Feitosa MF, Graff M, Fisher VA, Young K, Barata L, Deng X, Czajkowski J, Hadley D, Ngwa JS, Ahluwalia TS, Chu AY, Heard-Costa NL, Lim E, Perez J, Eicher JD, Kutalik Z, Xue L, Mahajan A, Renström F, Wu J, Qi Q, Ahmad S, Alfred T, Amin N, Bielak LF, Bonnefond A, Bragg J, Cadby G, Chittani M, Coggeshall S, Corre T, Direk N, Eriksson J, Fischer K, Gorski M, Neergaard Harder M, Horikoshi M, Huang T, Huffman JE, Jackson AU, Justesen JM, Kanoni S, Kinnunen L, Kleber ME, Komulainen P, Kumari M, Lim U, Luan J, Lyytikäinen LP, Mangino M, Manichaikul A, Marten J, Middelberg RPS, Müller-Nurasyid M, Navarro P, Pérusse L, Pervjakova N, Sarti C, Smith AV, Smith JA, Stančáková A, Strawbridge RJ, Stringham HM, Sung YJ, Tanaka T, Teumer A, Trompet S, van der Laan SW, van der Most PJ, Van Vliet-Ostaptchouk JV, Vedantam SL, Verweij N, Vink JM, Vitart V, Wu Y, Yengo L, Zhang W, Hua Zhao J, Zimmermann ME, Zubair N, Abecasis GR, Adair LS, Afaq S, Afzal U, Bakker SJL, Bartz TM, Beilby J, Bergman RN, Bergmann S, Biffar R, Blangero J, Boerwinkle E, Bonnycastle LL, Bottinger E, Braga D, Buckley BM, Buyske S, Campbell H, Chambers JC, Collins FS, Curran JE, de Borst GJ, de Craen AJM, de Geus EJC, Dedoussis G, Delgado GE, den Ruijter HM, Eiriksdottir G, Eriksson AL, Esko T, Faul JD, Ford I, Forrester T, Gertow K, Gigante B, Glorioso N, Gong J, Grallert H, Grammer TB, Grarup N, Haitjema S, Hallmans G, Hamsten A, Hansen T, Harris TB, Hartman CA, Hassinen M, Hastie ND, Heath AC, Hernandez D, Hindorff L, Hocking LJ, Hollensted M, Holmen OL, Homuth G, Jan Hottenga J, Huang J, Hung J, Hutri-Kähönen N, Ingelsson E, James AL, Jansson JO, Jarvelin MR, Jhun MA, Jørgensen ME, Juonala M, Kähönen M, Karlsson M, Koistinen HA, Kolcic I, Kolovou G, Kooperberg C, Krämer BK, Kuusisto J, Kvaløy K, Lakka TA, Langenberg C, Launer LJ, Leander K, Lee NR, Lind L, Lindgren CM, Linneberg A, Lobbens S, Loh M, Lorentzon M, Luben R, Lubke G, Ludolph-Donislawski A, Lupoli S, Madden PAF, Männikkö R, Marques-Vidal P, Martin NG, McKenzie CA, McKnight B, Mellström D, Menni C, Montgomery GW, Musk AB, Narisu N, Nauck M, Nolte IM, Oldehinkel AJ, Olden M, Ong KK, Padmanabhan S, Peyser PA, Pisinger C, Porteous DJ, Raitakari OT, Rankinen T, Rao DC, Rasmussen-Torvik LJ, Rawal R, Rice T, Ridker PM, Rose LM, Bien SA, Rudan I, Sanna S, Sarzynski MA, Sattar N, Savonen K, Schlessinger D, Scholtens S, Schurmann C, Scott RA, Sennblad B, Siemelink MA, Silbernagel G, Slagboom PE, Snieder H, Staessen JA, Stott DJ, Swertz MA, Swift AJ, Taylor KD, Tayo BO, Thorand B, Thuillier D, Tuomilehto J, Uitterlinden AG, Vandenput L, Vohl MC, Völzke H, Vonk JM, Waeber G, Waldenberger M, Westendorp RGJ, Wild S, Willemsen G, Wolffenbuttel BHR, Wong A, Wright AF, Zhao W, Zillikens MC, Baldassarre D, Balkau B, Bandinelli S, Böger CA, Boomsma DI, Bouchard C, Bruinenberg M, Chasman DI, Chen YD, Chines PS, Cooper RS, Cucca F, Cusi D, Faire U, Ferrucci L, Franks PW, Froguel P, Gordon-Larsen P, Grabe HJ, Gudnason V, Haiman CA, Hayward C, Hveem K, Johnson AD, Wouter Jukema J, Kardia SLR, Kivimaki M, Kooner JS, Kuh D, Laakso M, Lehtimäki T, Marchand LL, März W, McCarthy MI, Metspalu A, Morris AP, Ohlsson C, Palmer LJ, Pasterkamp G, Pedersen O, Peters A, Peters U, Polasek O, Psaty BM, Qi L, Rauramaa R, Smith BH, Sørensen TIA, Strauch K, Tiemeier H, Tremoli E, van der Harst P, Vestergaard H, Vollenweider P, Wareham NJ, Weir DR, Whitfield JB, Wilson JF, Tyrrell J, Frayling TM, Barroso I, Boehnke M, Deloukas P, Fox CS, Hirschhorn JN, Hunter DJ, Spector TD, Strachan DP, van Duijn CM, Heid IM, Mohlke KL, Marchini J, Loos RJF, Kilpeläinen TO, Liu CT, Borecki IB, North KE, Cupples LA. Genome-wide meta-analysis of 241,258 adults accounting for smoking behaviour identifies novel loci for obesity traits. Nat Commun. 2017 Apr 26;8:14977. doi: 10.1038/ncomms14977. PMID: 28443625; PMCID: PMC5414044.
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Nat Commun. 2017 Apr 26;8:14977. doi: 10.1038/ncomms14977.

Genome-wide meta-analysis of 241,258 adults accounting for smoking behaviour identifies novel loci for obesity traits.

Nature communications

Anne E Justice, Thomas W Winkler, Mary F Feitosa, Misa Graff, Virginia A Fisher, Kristin Young, Llilda Barata, Xuan Deng, Jacek Czajkowski, David Hadley, Julius S Ngwa, Tarunveer S Ahluwalia, Audrey Y Chu, Nancy L Heard-Costa, Elise Lim, Jeremiah Perez, John D Eicher, Zoltán Kutalik, Luting Xue, Anubha Mahajan, Frida Renström, Joseph Wu, Qibin Qi, Shafqat Ahmad, Tamuno Alfred, Najaf Amin, Lawrence F Bielak, Amelie Bonnefond, Jennifer Bragg, Gemma Cadby, Martina Chittani, Scott Coggeshall, Tanguy Corre, Nese Direk, Joel Eriksson, Krista Fischer, Mathias Gorski, Marie Neergaard Harder, Momoko Horikoshi, Tao Huang, Jennifer E Huffman, Anne U Jackson, Johanne Marie Justesen, Stavroula Kanoni, Leena Kinnunen, Marcus E Kleber, Pirjo Komulainen, Meena Kumari, Unhee Lim, Jian'an Luan, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Massimo Mangino, Ani Manichaikul, Jonathan Marten, Rita P S Middelberg, Martina Müller-Nurasyid, Pau Navarro, Louis Pérusse, Natalia Pervjakova, Cinzia Sarti, Albert Vernon Smith, Jennifer A Smith, Alena Stančáková, Rona J Strawbridge, Heather M Stringham, Yun Ju Sung, Toshiko Tanaka, Alexander Teumer, Stella Trompet, Sander W van der Laan, Peter J van der Most, Jana V Van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, Sailaja L Vedantam, Niek Verweij, Jacqueline M Vink, Veronique Vitart, Ying Wu, Loic Yengo, Weihua Zhang, Jing Hua Zhao, Martina E Zimmermann, Niha Zubair, Gonçalo R Abecasis, Linda S Adair, Saima Afaq, Uzma Afzal, Stephan J L Bakker, Traci M Bartz, John Beilby, Richard N Bergman, Sven Bergmann, Reiner Biffar, John Blangero, Eric Boerwinkle, Lori L Bonnycastle, Erwin Bottinger, Daniele Braga, Brendan M Buckley, Steve Buyske, Harry Campbell, John C Chambers, Francis S Collins, Joanne E Curran, Gert J de Borst, Anton J M de Craen, Eco J C de Geus, George Dedoussis, Graciela E Delgado, Hester M den Ruijter, Gudny Eiriksdottir, Anna L Eriksson, Tõnu Esko, Jessica D Faul, Ian Ford, Terrence Forrester, Karl Gertow, Bruna Gigante, Nicola Glorioso, Jian Gong, Harald Grallert, Tanja B Grammer, Niels Grarup, Saskia Haitjema, Göran Hallmans, Anders Hamsten, Torben Hansen, Tamara B Harris, Catharina A Hartman, Maija Hassinen, Nicholas D Hastie, Andrew C Heath, Dena Hernandez, Lucia Hindorff, Lynne J Hocking, Mette Hollensted, Oddgeir L Holmen, Georg Homuth, Jouke Jan Hottenga, Jie Huang, Joseph Hung, Nina Hutri-Kähönen, Erik Ingelsson, Alan L James, John-Olov Jansson, Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin, Min A Jhun, Marit E Jørgensen, Markus Juonala, Mika Kähönen, Magnus Karlsson, Heikki A Koistinen, Ivana Kolcic, Genovefa Kolovou, Charles Kooperberg, Bernhard K Krämer, Johanna Kuusisto, Kirsti Kvaløy, Timo A Lakka, Claudia Langenberg, Lenore J Launer, Karin Leander, Nanette R Lee, Lars Lind, Cecilia M Lindgren, Allan Linneberg, Stephane Lobbens, Marie Loh, Mattias Lorentzon, Robert Luben, Gitta Lubke, Anja Ludolph-Donislawski, Sara Lupoli, Pamela A F Madden, Reija Männikkö, Pedro Marques-Vidal, Nicholas G Martin, Colin A McKenzie, Barbara McKnight, Dan Mellström, Cristina Menni, Grant W Montgomery, Aw Bill Musk, Narisu Narisu, Matthias Nauck, Ilja M Nolte, Albertine J Oldehinkel, Matthias Olden, Ken K Ong, Sandosh Padmanabhan, Patricia A Peyser, Charlotta Pisinger, David J Porteous, Olli T Raitakari, Tuomo Rankinen, D C Rao, Laura J Rasmussen-Torvik, Rajesh Rawal, Treva Rice, Paul M Ridker, Lynda M Rose, Stephanie A Bien, Igor Rudan, Serena Sanna, Mark A Sarzynski, Naveed Sattar, Kai Savonen, David Schlessinger, Salome Scholtens, Claudia Schurmann, Robert A Scott, Bengt Sennblad, Marten A Siemelink, Günther Silbernagel, P Eline Slagboom, Harold Snieder, Jan A Staessen, David J Stott, Morris A Swertz, Amy J Swift, Kent D Taylor, Bamidele O Tayo, Barbara Thorand, Dorothee Thuillier, Jaakko Tuomilehto, Andre G Uitterlinden, Liesbeth Vandenput, Marie-Claude Vohl, Henry Völzke, Judith M Vonk, Gérard Waeber, Melanie Waldenberger, R G J Westendorp, Sarah Wild, Gonneke Willemsen, Bruce H R Wolffenbuttel, Andrew Wong, Alan F Wright, Wei Zhao, M Carola Zillikens, Damiano Baldassarre, Beverley Balkau, Stefania Bandinelli, Carsten A Böger, Dorret I Boomsma, Claude Bouchard, Marcel Bruinenberg, Daniel I Chasman, Yii-DerIda Chen, Peter S Chines, Richard S Cooper, Francesco Cucca, Daniele Cusi, Ulf de Faire, Luigi Ferrucci, Paul W Franks, Philippe Froguel, Penny Gordon-Larsen, Hans-Jörgen Grabe, Vilmundur Gudnason, Christopher A Haiman, Caroline Hayward, Kristian Hveem, Andrew D Johnson, J Wouter Jukema, Sharon L R Kardia, Mika Kivimaki, Jaspal S Kooner, Diana Kuh, Markku Laakso, Terho Lehtimäki, Loic Le Marchand, Winfried März, Mark I McCarthy, Andres Metspalu, Andrew P Morris, Claes Ohlsson, Lyle J Palmer, Gerard Pasterkamp, Oluf Pedersen, Annette Peters, Ulrike Peters, Ozren Polasek, Bruce M Psaty, Lu Qi, Rainer Rauramaa, Blair H Smith, Thorkild I A Sørensen, Konstantin Strauch, Henning Tiemeier, Elena Tremoli, Pim van der Harst, Henrik Vestergaard, Peter Vollenweider, Nicholas J Wareham, David R Weir, John B Whitfield, James F Wilson, Jessica Tyrrell, Timothy M Frayling, Inês Barroso, Michael Boehnke, Panagiotis Deloukas, Caroline S Fox, Joel N Hirschhorn, David J Hunter, Tim D Spector, David P Strachan, Cornelia M van Duijn, Iris M Heid, Karen L Mohlke, Jonathan Marchini, Ruth J F Loos, Tuomas O Kilpeläinen, Ching-Ti Liu, Ingrid B Borecki, Kari E North, L Adrienne Cupples

Affiliations

  1. Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.
  2. Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany.
  3. Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine; St. Louis, Missouri, 63108 USA.
  4. Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA.
  5. Population Health Research Institute, St. George's, University of London, London, SW17 0RE, UK.
  6. TransMed Systems, Inc., Cupertino, California 95014, USA.
  7. Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore Maryland, USA.
  8. The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
  9. Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, Denmark.
  10. NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, 01702 USA.
  11. Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts USA.
  12. Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA.
  13. Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA.
  14. Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.
  15. Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
  16. Swiss instititute of Bioinformatics.
  17. Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK.
  18. Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
  19. Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, SE-205 02 Malmö, Sweden.
  20. Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.
  21. Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
  22. The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA.
  23. The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA.
  24. Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015GE, The Netherlands.
  25. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
  26. University of Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur of Lille, UMR 8199 - EGID, Lille, France.
  27. Internal Medicine - Nephrology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
  28. Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
  29. Centre for Genetic Origins of Health and Disease, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia.
  30. Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan,Via A. Di Rudiní, 8 20142, Milano, Italy.
  31. Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.
  32. Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
  33. Department of Psychiatry, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey.
  34. Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
  35. Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia.
  36. Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
  37. Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK.
  38. Epidemiology Domain, Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore.
  39. MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland.
  40. William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
  41. Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, FI-00271 Finland.
  42. Vth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
  43. Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland.
  44. ISER, University of Essex, Colchester CO43SQ, UK.
  45. Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, UCL, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
  46. Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii 96813, USA.
  47. MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.
  48. Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere 33520, Finland.
  49. Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere 33014, Finland.
  50. Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK.
  51. NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' Foundation Trust, London, UK.
  52. Center for Public Health Genomics and Biostatistics Section, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, USA.
  53. Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.
  54. Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
  55. Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, D-81377 Munich, Germany.
  56. DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.
  57. Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
  58. Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
  59. Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia.
  60. Department of Social and Health Care, City of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
  61. Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland.
  62. Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
  63. Department of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland.
  64. Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
  65. Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
  66. Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA.
  67. Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore Maryland, USA.
  68. Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany.
  69. Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands.
  70. Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands.
  71. Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Division Heart &Lungs, UMC Utrecht, The Netherlands.
  72. Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands.
  73. Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands.
  74. Divisions of Endocrinology and Genetics and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston Massachusetts 02115, USA.
  75. Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA.
  76. Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
  77. Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
  78. Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
  79. Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.
  80. Dept Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperical College London, UK.
  81. Cardiology, Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Middlesex, UK.
  82. Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle Washington USA.
  83. Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.
  84. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
  85. Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98101, USA.
  86. Busselton Population Medical Research Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia.
  87. PathWest Laboratory Medicine of WA, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia.
  88. School of Pathology and Laboraty Medicine, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia.
  89. Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.
  90. Clinic for Prosthetic Dentistry, Gerostomatology and Material Science, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany.
  91. South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, Texas, USA.
  92. Human Genetics Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center, PO Box 20186, Houston, Texas 77225, USA.
  93. Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
  94. Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA.
  95. Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Ireland.
  96. Department of Genetics, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA.
  97. Department of Statistics and Biostatistics, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA.
  98. Usher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, The University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK.
  99. Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.
  100. Department of Vascular Surgery, Division of Surgical Specialties, UMC Utrecht, The Netherlands.
  101. EMGO+ Institute Vrije Universiteit &Vrije Universiteit Medical Center.
  102. Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
  103. Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
  104. Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, UK.
  105. Tropical Metabolism Research Unit, Tropical Medicine Research Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona, JMAAW15 Jamaica.
  106. Unit of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
  107. Hypertension and Related Disease Centre, AOU-University of Sassari.
  108. Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
  109. Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
  110. German Center for Diabetes Research, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
  111. Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Nutritional Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
  112. Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
  113. Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
  114. Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
  115. Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
  116. Division of Genomic Medicine, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
  117. Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK.
  118. Generation Scotland, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland.
  119. St. Olav Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
  120. Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany.
  121. Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK.
  122. School of Medicine and Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia, 25 Stirling Hwy, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia.
  123. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia.
  124. Department of Pediatrics, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere 33521, Finland.
  125. Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere 33014, Finland.
  126. Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 751 85, Sweden.
  127. Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
  128. Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 750 85, Sweden.
  129. Department of Pulmonary Physiology and Sleep Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia.
  130. Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
  131. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment &Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK.
  132. Center for Life Course Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of OuluP.O.Box 5000, FI-90014, Finland.
  133. Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Finland.
  134. Unit of Primary Care, Oulu University Hospital, Kajaanintie 50, P.O.Box 20, FI-90220, 90029 Oulu, Finland.
  135. Department of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku 20520 Finland.
  136. Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku 20521, Finland.
  137. Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere 33521, Finland.
  138. Department of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere 33014, Finland.
  139. Clinical and Molecular Osteoporosis Research Unit, Department of Orthopedics and Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
  140. Department of Medicine and Abdominal Center: Endocrinology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, FI-00029 Finland.
  141. Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Biomedicum 2U, Helsinki, FI-00290 Finland.
  142. Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, Croatia.
  143. Department of Cardiology, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Athens, Greece.
  144. Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland.
  145. HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7600 Levanger, Norway.
  146. Institute of Biomedicine/Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Finland.
  147. USC-Office of Population Studies Foundation, Inc., University of San Carlos, Cebu City 6000, Philippines.
  148. Department of Anthropology, Sociology and History, University of San Carlos, Cebu City 6000, Philippines.
  149. Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala 751 85, Sweden.
  150. Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, The Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK.
  151. Research Centre for Prevention and Health, the Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.
  152. Department of Clinical Experimental Research, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark.
  153. Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
  154. Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine (TLGM), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos, Level 5, Singapore 138648, Singapore.
  155. Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
  156. Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, USA.
  157. Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, D-81377 Munich, Germany.
  158. Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne university hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.
  159. Program in Biostatistics and Biomathematics, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA.
  160. Molecular Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
  161. School of Population Health, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia.
  162. Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia.
  163. Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany.
  164. Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Scotland.
  165. Research Center for Prevention and Health, Glostrup Hospital, Glostrup Denmark.
  166. Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
  167. Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh.
  168. Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku 20521, Finland.
  169. Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku 20520, Finland.
  170. Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA.
  171. Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
  172. Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
  173. Division of Cardiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
  174. Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR), Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, 09042, Monserrato, Italy.
  175. BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Glasgow, UK.
  176. Laboratory of Genetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
  177. Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
  178. Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Austria.
  179. Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
  180. Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Department of Cardiovascular Science , University of Leuven, Campus Sint Rafael, Kapucijnenvoer 35, Leuven; Belgium.
  181. R&D VitaK Group, Maastricht University, Brains Unlimited Building, Oxfordlaan 55, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
  182. Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Glasgow, UK.
  183. Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands.
  184. Center for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor/UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA.
  185. Department of Pediatrics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
  186. Department of Public Health Sciences, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University of Chicago, Maywood, Illinois 61053, USA.
  187. Research Division, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait.
  188. Department of Neurosciences and Preventive Medicine, Danube-University Krems, 3500 Krems, Austria.
  189. Saudi Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
  190. Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
  191. School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
  192. Department of Public Health, and Center for Healthy Ageing, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
  193. MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, 33 Bedford Place, London, WC1B 5JU, UK.
  194. Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy.
  195. Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
  196. Inserm U-1018, CESP, 94807 Villejuif cedex France.
  197. Geriatric Unit, Azienda USL Toscana centro, Florence Italy.
  198. Lifelines Cohort Study, PO Box 30001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands.
  199. Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
  200. Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, California 90502, USA.
  201. Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Universita' degli Studi di Sassari, Sassari, Italy.
  202. Sanipedia srl, Bresso (Milano), Italy and Institute of Biomedical Technologies National Centre of Research Segrate, Milano, Italy.
  203. Department of Public Health &Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
  204. Department of Genomics of Common Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK.
  205. Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill North Carolina, 27516, USA.
  206. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany.
  207. German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Rostock/Greifswald, Germany.
  208. Department of Preventive Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90089, USA.
  209. Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
  210. Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
  211. Faculty of Med, National Heart &Lung Institute, Cardiovascular Science, Hammersmith Campus, Hammersmith Hospital, Hammersmith Campus, Imperial College London, UK.
  212. Synlab Academy, Synlab Services GmbH, Mannheim, Germany.
  213. Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
  214. Oxford National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK.
  215. Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GL, UK.
  216. School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
  217. Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, Division Laboratories &Pharmacy, UMC Utrecht, The Netherlands.
  218. Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.
  219. Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98101, USA.
  220. Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, Washington 98101, USA.
  221. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
  222. Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
  223. Division of Population Health Sciences, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD2 4RB, Scotland.
  224. Department of Clinical Epidemiology (formerly Institute of Preventive Medicine), Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital (2000 Frederiksberg), The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark.
  225. MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol University, Bristol, UK.
  226. Department of Psychiatry Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
  227. Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
  228. Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, RILD Building University of Exeter, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK.
  229. European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, The Knowledge Spa, Truro TR1 3HD, UK.
  230. Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK.
  231. Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK.
  232. NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Level 4, Institute of Metabolic Science Box 289 Addenbrooke's Hospital Cambridge CB2 OQQ, UK.
  233. University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Level 4, Institute of Metabolic Science Box 289 Addenbrooke's Hospital Cambridge CB2 OQQ, UK.
  234. Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER-HD), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
  235. Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston Massachusetts 02115, USA.
  236. Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
  237. Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
  238. Division of Population Health Sciences and Education, St George's, University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK.
  239. Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA). Leiden, The Netherlands.
  240. Center for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands.
  241. Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany.
  242. Department of Statistics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
  243. Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York 10029, USA.
  244. The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA.
  245. Department of Preventive Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, 10029, USA.

PMID: 28443625 PMCID: PMC5414044 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14977

Abstract

Few genome-wide association studies (GWAS) account for environmental exposures, like smoking, potentially impacting the overall trait variance when investigating the genetic contribution to obesity-related traits. Here, we use GWAS data from 51,080 current smokers and 190,178 nonsmokers (87% European descent) to identify loci influencing BMI and central adiposity, measured as waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio both adjusted for BMI. We identify 23 novel genetic loci, and 9 loci with convincing evidence of gene-smoking interaction (GxSMK) on obesity-related traits. We show consistent direction of effect for all identified loci and significance for 18 novel and for 5 interaction loci in an independent study sample. These loci highlight novel biological functions, including response to oxidative stress, addictive behaviour, and regulatory functions emphasizing the importance of accounting for environment in genetic analyses. Our results suggest that tobacco smoking may alter the genetic susceptibility to overall adiposity and body fat distribution.

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