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Girouard H, Bonev AD, Hannah RM, et al. Astrocytic endfoot Ca2+ and BK channels determine both arteriolar dilation and constriction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010;107(8):3811-6doi: 10.1073/pnas.0914722107.
Girouard, H., Bonev, A. D., Hannah, R. M., Meredith, A., Aldrich, R. W., & Nelson, M. T. (2010). Astrocytic endfoot Ca2+ and BK channels determine both arteriolar dilation and constriction. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 107(8), 3811-6. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0914722107
Girouard, Hélène, et al. "Astrocytic endfoot Ca2+ and BK channels determine both arteriolar dilation and constriction." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America vol. 107,8 (2010): 3811-6. doi: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0914722107
Girouard H, Bonev AD, Hannah RM, Meredith A, Aldrich RW, Nelson MT. Astrocytic endfoot Ca2+ and BK channels determine both arteriolar dilation and constriction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Feb 23;107(8):3811-6. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0914722107. Epub 2010 Feb 02. PMID: 20133576; PMCID: PMC2840528.
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Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Feb 23;107(8):3811-6. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0914722107. Epub 2010 Feb 02.

Astrocytic endfoot Ca2+ and BK channels determine both arteriolar dilation and constriction.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Hélène Girouard, Adrian D Bonev, Rachael M Hannah, Andrea Meredith, Richard W Aldrich, Mark T Nelson

Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA.

PMID: 20133576 PMCID: PMC2840528 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0914722107

Abstract

Neuronal activity is thought to communicate to arterioles in the brain through astrocytic calcium (Ca(2+)) signaling to cause local vasodilation. Paradoxically, this communication may cause vasoconstriction in some cases. Here, we show that, regardless of the mechanism by which astrocytic endfoot Ca(2+) was elevated, modest increases in Ca(2+) induced dilation, whereas larger increases switched dilation to constriction. Large-conductance, Ca(2+)-sensitive potassium channels in astrocytic endfeet mediated a majority of the dilation and the entire vasoconstriction, implicating local extracellular K(+) as a vasoactive signal for both dilation and constriction. These results provide evidence for a unifying mechanism that explains the nature and apparent duality of the vascular response, showing that the degree and polarity of neurovascular coupling depends on astrocytic endfoot Ca(2+) and perivascular K(+).

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