Induction of cytokine production from human monocytes stimulated with alginate.

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J Immunother (1991). 1991 Aug;10(4):286-91. doi: 10.1097/00002371-199108000-00007.

Induction of cytokine production from human monocytes stimulated with alginate.

Journal of immunotherapy : official journal of the Society for Biological Therapy

M Otterlei, K Ostgaard, G Skjåk-Braek, O Smidsrød, P Soon-Shiong, T Espevik

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Institute of Cancer Research, University of Trondheim, Norway.

PMID: 1931864 DOI: 10.1097/00002371-199108000-00007

Abstract

Alginates are polysaccharides with gel-forming properties composed of 1,4-linked beta-D-mannuronic acid (M), alpha-L-guluronic acid (G), and alternating (MG) blocks. Alginate can be used as a matrix for implanted cells in vivo. In this study, we have examined the ability of alginates and their components to stimulate human monocytes to produce tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, and interleukin-1. Alginates stimulated the monocytes to produce high levels of all three cytokines. Low G alginates were approximately 10 times more potent in inducing cytokine production compared with high G alginates. The M-blocks and the MG-blocks, but not the G-blocks, stimulated the cytokine production. The results demonstrate that the mannuronic acid residues are the active cytokine inducers in alginates.

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Induction of cytokine production from human monocytes stimulated with alginate.

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